Preliminary Pharmacological Activity Research Of The Fruits Of Rhus Typhina L.

Rhus typhina L. is a plant of Rhus of Anacardiaceae. It is a plant of deciduousshrubs and small tree which grows in various places around the world. The fruits ofRhus typhina L. contain protein, amino acids, minerals, anthocyanin and otherchemical elements, so it will be important for its development and utilization value.Some aboriginal people used to make the fruits into a pink lemonade drink, the fruitsalso can treat antihaemorrhoidal, antiseptic, diuretic, stomachic and tonic effect andthe improvement of the treatment of diabetes symptoms.Purpose:This article evaluated the hypoglycemic, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-tumorand some chemical components of the fruits of Rhus typhina, it can provide atheoretical basis for the further research.Method:1. Some of the fruit of Rhus typhina extracts were extracted consecutively by foursolvents of different polarity for petroleum ether (30–60oC), ethyl acetate, n-butanoland aqueous parts, the rest for the experiment. We give different doses of the extractsof fruits of Rhus typhina to the alloxan-induced diabetic mice and the normal mice.The blood glucose was determined by glucose oxidase-enzymatic peroxidation assayon the6and12days. Durning the experiment, we measured the water, food intakeand weight gain of the mouse every day. At the end of experiment we measured theglucose tolerance and sacrificed the mouse. We taken the liver, kidney, spleen,thymus and pancreas from the mice and calculated the organ coefficient. And thepancreas were HE stained and we analyzed the changes in the pancreas of differentgroups.2. We studied the antimicrobial activity of the fractions extracted by organic solvents(petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol) against seven strains. Wemeasured the inhibition zone with a disk diffusion assay, the minimum inhibitoryconcentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were assessedby96-well plate and tablet coating method. 3. The free radical scavenging activity of the the extracts of R. typhina fruits weredetected by1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and2,2’-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzt-hiazoline-6-sulphonate)(ABTS) methods.4. We screened the anti-tumor activity of the extract of R. typhina fruits for five tumorcells by3-(4,5-dimethyl-2)-2,5diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.5. We isolated the fraction of ethyl acetate by silica gel, D101macroporous resin,MCI and other column chromatography method.Results:It was concluded that the extracts of water and petroleum ether have a very goodhypoglycemic effect, and can repair cells of the pancreas; Among five fractionsincluding four organic and one water soluble fractions, ethyl acetate extracts showeda high antimicrobial activity, followed by the extracts of chloroform and n-butanol;Total crude extracts and ethyl acetate displayed highest antioxidant activity，theextracts of chloroform and n-butanol were also good; The total extracts inhibited thebest anti-cancer activity, the IC50was39.00μg/mL against gastric tumor cellMGC-803; we got two compounds from the extracts of ethyl acetate, the structureswere identified as gallic acid and4-methoxy-3,5-ddihydroxy benzoic acid.Conclusion:The fruits of Rhus typhina have high hypoglycemic, antibacterial, antioxidantand anti-tumor activity, and it is rich in chemical compounds.