| Objective:To detect the NK cell receptor NKG2D, NKp46and KIR2DL1expression in different stages of chemotherapy in children with acute leukemia and normal control group by flow cytometry, and investigate the correlation between these receptors and NK cell cytotoxicity in order to explore the immune reconstitution of NK cells and establish the base of leukemia immunotherapy.Methods:62cases were diagnosis patients, including50cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and12cases of acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) patients. The62cases could be divided into four groups according to duration of treatment, including16cases of new diagnosis,16cases of children with complete remission from six to nine months (CR-A group),14cases of children with complete remission from12months to18months (CR-B group),16cases of complete remission over24months (CR-C group). The expression of the NK cell receptor NKG2D, NKp46and KIR2DL1and the NK cell cytotoxicity with CD107a labeling antibody were detected by flow cytometry in samples of62children with acute leukemia as well as8or15cases of healthy children. Two independent sample datas were compared by T test or Wilcoson test, and5groups were analyzed with One-way anova and Pearson correlation.Results:1. The expression of NKG2D receptor in children with new diagnosis AL children, CR-A group, CR-B group, CR-C group and normal control group were (79.64±11.40)%,(86.32±6.85)%,(86.90±3.54)%,(87.10±5.78)%,(92.33±2.78)%respectively, and no significant difference were observed among five groups (F=1.169, p>0.05). There was no significant difference between the5groups excepting the expression of normal control group higher than new diagnosis AL children. The expression of NKp46receptor in children with new diagnosed AL children, CR-A group, CR-B group, CR-C group and normal control group were (61.51±11.31)%,(77.85±5.98)%,(77.17±9.80)%,(82.43±6.02)%,(85.76±6.40)%respectively, and significant difference was observed among five groups (F=4.474, p<0.05). The NKp46expression in new diagnosis AL children was significantly lower than the CR-A group, CR-B group, CR-C group and control group (p<0.05). There was no significant diff-erence among CR-A group, CR-B group and CR-C group. The expression of NKp46in complete remission children and control group was (79.24±4.15)%and (85.76±6.40)%respectively (p>0.05). The expression of KIR2DL1receptor in children with new diagnosis AL children, CR-A group, CR-B group, CR-C group and normal control group were (19.89±3.52)%、(10.22±1.61)%、(10.37±1.62)%、(17.73±3.63)%、(29.12±3.98)%respectively, and statistical difference were observed among five groups (F=20.307, p<0.001). New diagnosis AL children of the KIR2DL1expression was significantly lower than that in CR-A group and CR-B group, but higher than The control group (p<0.05). The expression of KIR2DL1between CR-A group and CR-B group was no statistical difference, but lower than CR-C group. There was significant difference between complete remission group and control group (p<0.001). Compared with CR-A group and CR-B group, the expression of CR-C group significantly increased (p<0.05).2.62cases were diagnosis patients, including39cases of complete remission group with ALL. These cases of the NK cell cytotoxicity and the quantity of NK cells were positively correlated (p<0.05). There was positive correlation (p<0.05) between the KIR2DL1, NKp46expression and NK cell cytotoxicity. There was no correlation between the NKG2D expression and NK cell cytotoxicity (p>0.05). The expression of KIR2DL1and NKp46in new diagnosis AL children were correlated to the cytotoxicity of NK cells (r=-0.574, P<0.05; r=0.530, p<0.05).The expression of NKG2D had no correlation to the cytotoxicity of NK cells as well as the quantity of NK cells (p>0.05).3. The overall distributions of the expression of NKG2D, NKp46and KIR2DL1receptor were related to the type of leukemia (ALL/AML).Conclusions:1. The expression of NKG2D, NKp46and KIR2DL1receptor with New diagnosis leukemia was lower than normal controls.2. The expression of NKG2D, NKp46receptor in Children with acute leukemia rose to near-normal at the time of complete remission6-9months. The expression KIR2DL1of6-18months after complete remission children lower than new diagnosis AL children. It increases from24months after complete remission, over24months is still below normal.3. Children with acute leukemia activity of NK cells lower than normal controls.4. After the complete remission of Children with acute leukemia, the expression of NKG2D, NKp46receptor and the quantity of NK cells in Children are correlated with the cytotoxicity of NK cells (p<0.05). There was no correlation between the NKG2D expression and NK cell cytotoxicity (p>0.05). |
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