| Camellia oleifera Abel is an important woody species of edible oil in the South China. Camellia oleifera plays an important role in maintaining security of national grain and oil, developing rural economy and improving ecological environment. But Camellia oleifera in Hainan was unknown the same as wild rice in hainan island and it didn’t get the attention they deserve due to the geographical isolation, scientific research and industrial development. We detailedly investigated and studied on Camellia oleifera in Hainan and collected a large number of specific germplasm resources of Camellia oleifera in 2014 and 2015. Fruis of 50 superior individuals are analyzed and studied. To explore a number of excellent resources and lay the foundation for the selection and breeding of good varieties of Camellia oleifera in Hainan, we used 50 Camellia oleifera in Hainan and’Huajin’(CK) in Hunan as test materials for experimental data on fruit’s characters, oil’s quality and tea saponins’composition, through the evaluation’s method of rationalization satisfaction and multidimensional value theory. The main results are as follows:(1)Analysis and evaluation on fruit’s characters of superior individuals of Camellia oleifera in Hainan. The result showed that variation’s degree of superior individuals’ the fruit characters and contrast was significantly different. Their coefficient of variation was among 8.87% to 37.46%. Variation’s coefficient of hundred-seed weight and single fruit weight were more lager than others, respectively 37.46% and 34.22%. So they have large selection’s potential and rich heritability. Average fruit weight of 50 superior individuals’ the fruit characters and contrast was 53.98 g. TCPX-7’s single fruit weight which is heaviest is 102.92 g. CMWR-2’s single fruit weight which is the lightest is only 22.83 g. The average dry seed rate of superior individuals was 20.47%. TCPX-6’s dry seed rate which is the largest is 35.14%. WZSCH-1’s dry seed rate which is the smallest is 9.31%. The average kernel rate of superior individuals was 20.47%. WZSCH-1’s kernel rate which is the largest is 59.37%. QZCZ-2’s kernel rate which is the smallest is 35.3%. Using the method of synthetic and rationalization satisfaction indexes to evaluate superior individuals’fruit character of Camellia oleifera, the result showed that the top ten arranging order of the 50 superior individuals respectively were QZCZ-4, CMJL-6, QZCZ-6, TCPX-7, QZCZ-3, CMJL-3, CMJL-4, QZWL-2, QZWL-3 and TCPX-6. The contrast’Huajin’ ranked 11.(2) Analysis and evaluation on oil’s quality of superior individuals of Camellia oleifera in Hainan. The result showed that variation’s degree of superior individuals and contrast in the oil’s quality was significantly different. Their coefficient of variation was among 0.17% to 46.92%. The variation coefficient of linoleic acid, linolenic acid, acid value and peroxide value respectively were 46.92%,37.31%,32.8% and 28.68%. They have large selection’s potential and rich heritability. Kernel’s oil content of 21 superior individuals was more than 40%. CMJL-7’s kernel’s oil content which is the highest is 50%. Unsaturated fatty acids of 50 superior individuals and contrast are approximately 86%, and oleic acid content which the average was 77% accounted for the most. Average linoleic acid content was 8.81%. QZCZ-5’s linoleic acid content which is highest is 28.2%. QZWL-3’s linoleic acid content which is the lowest is only 3.79%. Unsaturated fatty acid content is about 14% and palmitic accounted for the most. Acid value in oil is 0.25 to 0.98 mg/g and the average acid value which conform to the requirements of standard for pollution-free tea seed oil is 0.63 mg/g. The average peroxide value in oil which conform to the requirements of the standard for pollution-free tea seed oil is 1.13 mmoL/kg. Using the method of synthetic and rationalization satisfaction indexes to evaluate superior individuals’oil’s quality of Camellia oleifera,the result showed that the top ten arranging order of the 50 superior individuals respectively were DALH-2, DALH-1, CMWR-1, QZWL-3, CMJL-6, CMJL-7, TCPX-7, QZCZ-3, QZWL-2 and TCPX-6. The contrast ’Huajin’ ranked 29.(3) Analysis and evaluation on tea saponins’composition of superior individuals of Camellia oleifera in Hainan. The result showed that variation’s degree of the tea saponins’ composition of superior individuals and contrast was significantly different. Their coefficient of variation was among 7.89% to 12.42%. Average tea saponins’ content was 13.25%. QZWL-2’s tea saponin’s content which is highest is 16.25%. QZCZ-2’s tea saponin’s content which is the lowest is 10.45%. Average soluble tatal sugar’s content was 6.80%. QZCZ-l’s soluble tatal sugar’s content which is highest is 8.61%. QHHS-1’s soluble tatal sugar’s content which is the lowest is 5.38%. Average crude protein’s content was 13.03%. QZCZ-5’s crude protein’s content which is highest is 15.86%. CMJL-7’s crude protein’s content which is the lowest is 10.98%. Using the method of synthetic and rationalization satisfaction indexes to evaluate superior individuals’tea saponins’ composition of Camellia oleifera, the result showed that the top ten arranging order of the 50 superior individuals respectively were CMJL-6, CMJL-4, TCNK-3, QZCZ-1, TCPX-7, QZWL-3, QZWL-2, QZWL-1, QZCZ-6 and QZCZ-3. The contrast’Huajin’ ranked 35.(4) Analysis and evaluation on fruit’s economic characters of superior individuals of Camellia oleifera in Hainan. Comprehensively evaluating on 50 superior individuals of Hainan Camellia oleifera and contrast from fruit’s characters, oil’s quality and tea saponins’composition. The result showed that the top ten arranging order of the 50 superior individuals respectively were CMJL-6, TCPX-7, QZCZ-4, QZCZ-3, QZWL-3, QZWL-2, CMJL-4, TCPX-6, CMZX-1 and CMWR-3. The contrast’Huajin’ ranked 17. These superior individuals can be used as alternative germplasm resources in breeding variety and lay a foundation for comprehensive development and utilization of Hainan Camellia oleifera. |
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