Researches On The Optimal Location Of Video Monitoring For Nature Reserves

It is recognized that the expansion of nature reserves is the most directly effective measure of protecting biodiversity at present. Nonetheless, most of the current protected areas are not functioning well as the originally envisioned and the existing precious species still face the threat of extinction due to the weak ability of supervision and the aggravation of human disturbance in the nature reserves. Fortunately the technology of video monitoring can effectively prevent the fire hazard and human interference, and real-timely monitor the growth of local species so as to strengthen the protection effectiveness of species diversity. However, most of the current video monitoring systems that have been established in nature reserves are usually used in monitoring the fire rather than protecting the species, meanwhile ignoring the spatial distribution of the species and without involving the optimized location of monitoring points have inevitably resulted in the low effectiveness of biodiversity conservation and waste of facilities. The purpose of this paper is to improve the efficiency of protecting biodiversity by designing an optimal location of video monitoring in nature reserves, namely aim to effectively monitor the growth of local species, to prevent human interference, to guard against the disaster so as to strengthen the protection effectiveness of species diversity by means of designing the optimal location and minimal quantity of the video monitoring points. And the paper can provide an appropriate reference for further researches on the optimal location of video monitoring system in the Nature Reserve.The location optimization problem of video monitoring is analogous to the location set covering problem (LSCP). They both belong to the combinatorial optimization problem that is aimed to minimize the total cost while satisfying the specific requirements. Based on the thoughts and methods of LSCP, and combined with the techniques of GIS, this paper proposes a proper location optimization model to improve the protection effectiveness of species diversity and minimize the construction cost for the Nature Reserve. The model gives full consideration to the undulating terrain and spatial distribution of species in the local Nature Reserve, based on the location, quantity and viewshed of monitoring points, the candidate points are set on the ridges or peaks aiming to maximize the monitoring scope and minimize the number of monitoring points. And the monitored target becomes the grow area of species rather than the area of reserve, meanwhile the protected demands are designed into the different levels according to the conservation values of species. That is to say, the monitored area of species with a higher value should be some more, on the contrary, the lower value should be less. Meantime, in order to remove the negative effect of overlap region and guarantee the reliable location results of the location model, the paper designs a feasible random method to calculate the accurate area of monitoring.The paper applies the location model into Jiaozishan Nature Reserve in Yunnan to verify the feasibility of model with the means of repeatedly running model and modifying parameters. The results show that the range of optimal solution is relatively stable and has the approximative regularity of Gaussian distribution. The maximum deviation is very small and not more than two. These illustrate that randomizing algorithm is feasible and the location model is robust in the optimal location of video monitoring for nature reserves. The location model that is designed in this paper eliminates the influence of overlapping area and fitly applicated in the complex and rugged reserves. Provide the beneficial reference for the construction of video monitoring system in the mountainous area.