| Short-chain ketonic acid is a kind of newly feed additive, which could improve feed intake and daily gain feed conversion rate significantly in fishing pigs production. The expense of addition short-chain ketonic acid during whole finishing period is too high. To cut the c ost of swine production without affect growth performance in finishing pigs, figure out the optimum supplementation time of short-chain ketonic acid in finishing pigs production become a new direction. Besides, appropriate dosage in nursery pigs and it ’s effects of feed intake in sows are still unknown, especially during August and September in south China the survival rate and weaning weight of piglets decreased a lot accompanied with feed intake decline in sows, which reduce the efficiency in swine production. The experiment aimed to explore the effects of short-chain ketonic acid on feed intake in sows, appropriate dosage in nursery pigs and optimum supplementation time in finishing pigs, as well as test blood indicators in these pigs to provide theory and practical basis in swine production.The study consists of three experiments,which are as follows.(1) Effects of short-chain ketonic acid on feed intake,blood parameters in sows and growth performance in piglets.18 health sows(Landrace ×Yorkshire)with similar body condition, parities and expected date of delivery were randomly assigned to 2 treatments blocked by similar feed intake during the first 3 days postnatal, each group 9 replicates and 1sow per replicate. In early stage, all piglets were weighted and some piglets between litters were fine modulated to ensure litter weight were very close and number of piglets were the same in each group. Control group fed a basal diet and trial group fed the basal diet with supplementation of 0.4% short-chain ketonic acid. The experiment lasted for 24 days and average temperature in sows maternity ward was 31℃. Note feed intake of every sow in a.m., p.m. and whole day from day 1to 12, day 13 to 24 and day 1 to 24 and calculate average feed intake in these stages. In the expiry of experiment, all piglets was weighted one by one, 3 sows were randomly selected to collect blood in each group, gather serum to test biochemical and antioxidant indexes, results are as follows.1)Compared with control group,from day 1 to 12,average feed intake from trial group in a.m., p.m. and whole day were significant improved by 5.71%(P < 0.05),25.61%(P < 0.05), 20.28%(P < 0.05), respectively. From day 1 to 24, average feed intake in p.m. was significant improved by 19.55%(P < 0.05),while in a.m.improved by 9.24%(P > 0.05). Besides,amount of lactation in trial group was improved by 7.12%(P > 0.05).2) Compared with control group, serum GLB, CREA and UREA in trial group were significant improved by 27.28%(P < 0.05), 22.25%(P < 0.05)and 18.64%(P < 0.05)respectively. Serum TC in trial group was significant decreased by 47.62%(P < 0.05). GSH-Px in trail group was very significant improved by 29.06%(P < 0.01).3)On day 8 to 14, diarrhea rate in control group was 8.42%, while in trial group w as 0, which was very significant decreased to control group. On day 1 to 24, diarrhea rate in trial group was significant decreased by 38.06%(P < 0.05). ADG and survival rate in trial group were improved by 8.26%(P > 0.05), 7.83%(P > 0.05),respectively.(2)Effects of short-chain ketonic acid on growth performance and blood indicators in nursery pigs144 health nursery pigs with body weight close to 8kg(Landrace ×Yorkshire)were randomly assigned to 3 groups, each group 4 replicates and 12 pigs per replicate. Control group fed a basal diet, group 1 and 2 fed the basal diet with supplementation of 0.4% and 0.5% short-chain ketonic acid, respectively. The experiment lasted for 36 days. Note all groups diarrhea rates in first 3 weeks and feed intake during whole period. At the end of the experiment, each replicate weighted and selected a pig randomly to collect blood and gather serum to test blood indexes, results are as follows.1)Compared with control group,diarrhea rate in second week in group 1 and 2 were very significant decreased by 71.40%(P <0.01), 77.93%(P <0.01), respectively. Diarrhea rate in third week in group 1 and 2 were significant decreased by 48.50%(P <0.05), 57.08%(P <0.05), respectively. Diarrhea rate in 1 to 3 weeks in group 1 and 2 were very significant decreased by 8.99%(P < 0.01), 47.20%(P < 0.01), respectively.2)Compared with control group, T-AOC and GSH-Px in group 1 improved by 44.44%(P < 0.05), 51.17%(P < 0.1), respectively. SOD in group 1 and 2 were improved by 7.89%(P > 0.05), 11.91%(P >0.05), respectively.3)Compared with control group,Ig M in group 1 and 2 were significant improved by 30.30%(P < 0.05), 42.42%(P < 0.05), respectively.(3) Effects of short-chain ketonic acid on growth performance and blood indexes in finishing pigs360 pigs(Landrace ×Yorkshire)with similar body condition and weight near to 15 kg were assigned to four group,each group with 3 replicates and 30 pigs per replicate,sex ratio between each group were the same. Control fed a basal diet,Trial group 1,2 and 3 fed the basal diet with supplementation of 0.4% short-chain ketonic acid. Trial group 1 and 2 at the beginning of second and third month transfer fed to the basal diet, respectively. Trial group 3 always fed the basal diet with supplementation of 0.4% short-chain ketonic acid. The experiment lasted for 3 months. Note feed intake between replicates during all stages and calculate ADFI. At the end of the experiment,weight all pigs between replicates to compare their average daily feed intake and average daily gain. Then select 3 pigs in control group and trial group 3 to collect 10 m L blood and gather serum to test antioxidant indexes, results are as fellows.1)Compared with control group, ADG raised by 1.01%(P > 0.05)、5.89%(P > 0.05)、10.93%(P > 0.05)in trial group 1, 2 and3, respectively.2)Compared with control group, the T-AOC in trial group 3 was improved by 26.65%(P < 0.05),while MDA was decreased by 39.74%(P > 0.05).In conclusion, with the supplementation of 0.4% short-chain ketonic acid premix in diet could raise feed intake of sows and improve growth performance of piglets during August and September in south China. Short-chain ketonic acid could lower diarrhea rate significantly and enhance immunity in nursery pigs, and optimum dosage is 0.4%. The supplementation of short-chain ketonic acid in finishing pigs could improve the ability of antioxitant and the growth performance by full period addition is better than other ways. |
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