| Tobacco is one of the important economic crops in China, its cultivated area and output ranks first in the world. It is an important economic source of state and local taxation, have been paid much attention from concerned department.The quality style characteristic of tobacco is actually determined by metabolites formed during the growth. Sichuan Province that the strategy production base of tobacco designated by country, plays an important role in tobacco production and form some characteristics of theirs. There are three main cultivated area which have different ecological environment and the uneven quality each other of tobacco in Sichuan, namely the Panxi (Panzhihua, Xichang), the North of Sichuan (Guangyuan), the Southern of Sichuan (Luzhou, Yibin) respectively. The aroma of tobacco leaf is well and more enough good workability of Panxi. Tobacco appearance quality and physical properties are better, the chemical composition of the distribution in coordination in North of Sichuan. But the content of tobacco reducing sugar is comparatively high, and the characteristic of aroma is intermediate here. The tobacco appearance quality and physical properties in southern of Sichuan is not as good as Panxi. The coordination of chemical composition is good, but some of tobacco leaf has high nicotine content, and the momentum is too large in the region.Carbon metabolism is not only the most important metabolic in the process of crop growth and development, but also the most basic physiological and process of biochemical flue cured tobacco. Starch and sucrose is the main product of carbon metabolism. On the one hand, Starch and sucrose formed in the Carbon metabolism is the main precursor of aroma of flue-cured tobacco; On the other hand, Starch and sucrose is the foundation of the growth and a variety of physiological metabolism, which is a close relationship with the strength of enzyme in the sucrose and starch metabolism. This question is the main point in this research. Honghuadajinyuan and Yunyan87 were taken as experimental materials, who are mainly cultivated varieties in order to studying enzyme activity and gene expression related decomposition of sucrose and starch at different growth stages in Panzhihua, Liangshan, Luzhou and Guangyuan of Sichuan, analysising the rule of important material that sucrose and starch decomposition of tobacco leaves style characteristic Sichuan preliminary. Results of this study are as follows:1. The activity of acid invertase showed the variation tendency of decreasing after increasing in panxi-area, which was the highest in budding period and low in vigorous growing period and mature period, but it was the highest in Guangyuan and Luzhou in the vigorous growing period, then it decreased. The enzyme activity of neutral invertase was increasing with growth period of Flue-cured tobacco, except Mianning. Around the sucrose synthetase trends is consistent of different area, are rising gradually trend with activity of Jiange and Gulin is higher. All parts of amylase appear to fall after rise of rule with the highest enzyme activity in the mature period. Starch branching enzyme activity and amylase activity changes are similar, in vigorous growing period and budding period of enzyme activity is low and increased after the mature period.2. Compared the tobacco zone, the activity of acid invertase peak in vigorous growing period in the Northern and Southern of Sichuan, while it is the highest in budding period in Panxi area and different significant in the North Sichuan and Southern of Sichuan in budding period and mature period. The activity of the neutral invertase in the different tobacco cultivated area is low and their differences were no significant. The sucrose synthase’s activity was increased gradually in the three areas, it is different between each other. The activity of amylase enzyme at different periods in Panxi-area was the highest and the different was significantly compared with other tobacco cultivated area, while the activity of starch debranching enzyme in the three areas was the lowest. The activity of starch branching enzyme and neutral invertase is weak, which difference is small between the tobacco area. Acid invertase、sucrose synthase and amylase’s activity between Panxi-area and others was large may be the factors of tobacco flavor in different areas.3. Speculated that genes expression of sucrose and starch enzymes time and space characteristics analysis:(1) Expression active in budding period type:α-amylase, β-amylase, DBE. (2) Expression active in vigorous period type:V-inv. (3) Expression active in mature period type:C-inv, Sus, N-inv, α-amylase, β-amylase, DBE. Among them, beta amylase, V-inv and Sus can be regarded as one of the factors that affect the flavor of different areas. |
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