| Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is a disease causing devastating harm to pines. Once the pines are infected with this disease, the whole pine will die. This disease spreads fast, and there is no effective treatment for it. The climatic conditions in Yanping district are very suitable for reproduction and growth of the pine wood nematode and vector insect monochamus alternatus, meanwhile, a large number of artificial pure pine forests provides facilities for the infringement and spread of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. The traffic location in Yanping district is advantageous. Since the illegal business, transportation, using plague wood when processing and using plague wood packaging materials, etc. cannot be prohibited, the rate of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in outer area incoming and Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in inner area spreading increases significantly. Since the Bursaphelenchus xylophilus was first discovered in autumn survey in October,2005, the epidemic situation has repeatedly happened, and it is difficult to cure it. During 2012-2014, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and monochamus alternatus occurred severely and continued to spread. Through the analysis of historical weather data in Yanping district and occurring area of monochamus alternatus, the author finds that the active stage of monochamus alternates is greatly affected by the average temperature factor of the year. The higher the average temperature is, the server the alternatus damage will be. In 2014, the number of death trees in pinus massoniana pure forest small class was 127, which accounted for 65.1% of the total number. It indicates that the pine wood nematode mainly harmed the artificial pinus massoniana pure forest.According to the statistics results of severe monochamus alternatus oviposition cutting number of lure tree survey set up within the small class of different standing forest situation occurred in occurring area of severe monochamus alternatus, the author finds that the average cutting number of NO.1-3 sample plot and NO.4-6 sample plot respectively are 7.67 and 3.17. The control efficiency calculated according to the cutting number respectively are 51.32% and 79.89%, which indicates that forest management measures can effectively reduce the population density of monochamus alternatus in forests. In the comparison tests of trapping effect by using different attractants to trap monochamus alternatus, the average trapping number of each APF-I type trap is 179.22, which is respectively more than four times than A-3 type and FJ-MA type attractants, therefore, it is the ideal attractant for Yanping using. The occurrence regularity of monochamus alternatus monitored by different attractants is basically similar. During the late May and mid-July after the test, the trapping volume of different attractants emerges with the peak, so the trapping effect is the best period. There are differences in attractive effect of attractants at different slope positions. The trapping effect at different slope positions is: mesoslope> downhill> uphill. The hanging of traps in the future should take the impact of slope positions on the trapping effect into account. Thiacloprid microcapsules is with characteristics of fast insecticidal speed, strong knockdown and long persistence effect, which plays a good role in killing monochamus alternates. The corrected mortality under the prevention and cure of thiacloprid powder of 1% and 2% concentration are 76.9% and 87.2%. After prevention and cure for 30d, the control efficiency of thiacloprid powder of 1% and 2% concentration are 61.54% and 74.36%, which indicates that the application should use the thiacloprid powder of 2% concentration. For the sample plot by using sprayed metarhizium anisopliae powder and metarhizium anisopliae non-woven-fabrics to prevent and cure, the control efficiency after prevention and cure for 30d respectively are 73.61% and 87.47%. Non-woven way to release bacteria can maintain the activity for a long time, which is the ideal drug for monochamus alternatus forest prevention and cure. |
