Occurrence Patterns And Prevention Measures Of Forest Pests In Jinjiang City

Jinjiang city is the most active economic area in coastal area of Fujian province,and its’ GDP volume is in the top 5 among the country levels in China.However,more and more invasive species of forest pests and diseases invaded China and caused increasing damage in the past several decades with development of economy and international trade,which is very harmful to increasing requirement of green lands and forest in Jianjiang City.Consequently,it is very necessary and urgent to do some field investigation to clear the basic information of forest pests and disease species before some effective measures are given based on our general and detail investigation,these information included pest and disease species,hosts,infected or infested parts and degree,distribution dimension,etc.Meanwhile,some special species with broad dimension or made huge losses or emerged in nighttime were also investigated by light traps or attractant traps to get more accurate data.The results were supposed to provide some help information to analyze the reasons of occurrence,give some specific suppression measures and reduce species and infested dimension of forest pests and diseases,which will be very useful to improve the development of local forest,quality of forest,ecology protection.The results were as follow:1.There were 102 species of pests,diseases and weeds in the forest of Jinjiang city,in which 53 species of pests,41 species of pathogenic microorganisms and 6 species of weeds.Based on their infected parts of trees,there were 10 species of pests infested roots of trees,10 species of defoliator,34 species of pests infested branches,and 21 species for trunk.Based on their origin,72 species were local species,while 3 species were invasive species which have potential risk of further spreading.Compared to forest distribution dimension in 2005,there is 1600 hectares deduction of forest while infestation distribution dimension increased 1700 hectares.Effective measures must be taken to prevent deduction of forest and further increasing of infestation dimension.2.Based on historical data and our results of investigation,Bursaphelenchus xylophilus,Hemiberlesia pitysophila Takagi,Septoria mortarlensis,Cylindrocladium scoparium,Dendrolimus punctatus,Monochamus alternatus Hope,Lymantria xylina,Anoplophora chinensis and Gynairothrips uzeli Zimmerman were the main species which infested main forest stands in Jinjiang city.In which B.xylophilus,H.pitysophila,D.punctatus,M.alternatus were the dorminant species infested masson pines in Luoshan,Anhai,Neikeng town,and L.xylina,A.chinensis were the dorminant species infested coast oaks in coastal towns,while G.uzeli was the dorminant species infested the ornamental trees,Ficus microcarpa all over the city.Finally,eucalyptus leaf spot disease and Septoria mortarlensis were found in artificial forests of in 5 towns,such as Luoshan and Lingyuan street,Shenhu and Longhu town.3.According to the general investigation of dead and drying pine trees from the autumn of 2015 to spring of 2016,some dead and dying masson pine trees were widely found in the areas of Luoshang Mount,Huabiao Mount,Shidao Mount,Gaozhou Mount and Lingyuan Mount where the pine trees were concentrated,including Cizao town,Lingyuan street,Luoshan street,Neikeng town,Yonghe town and Zimao town,in which Yonghe and Zimao town were the high-risk area,total dimension of subcompartmen was 174.93hm2.To identify whether there was some pine wood nematodes in the tissues of pine trees,some sample were extracted using Baermann funnel method,and the results showed that there were numerous pine wood nematodes,B.xylophilus extracted from the tissues of dead pine trees,which means most dead pine trees were caused by infection of B.xylophilus,which probably spread by media insects,M.alternatus.Some effective measures must be taken immediately to prevent increase of dead pine trees and spread of pine wood nematode disease.4.Except for most local species of forest pests and diseases,some invasive species such as Quadrastichus erythrinae,H.pitysophila,Leptocybe invasa,Solenopsis invicta Buren,Chilades pandava,B.xylophilus and Ipomoea cairica(Linn.),were also totally found 29.9 hectares in Jinjiang city,which probably was related to frequent communication of economic activities.And some effective measures must be taken immediately to monitor their populations and further spread risk.5.In summer of 2016,the outbreak of Macrobrochis gigas appeared in six towns in Jinjiang city,and the total dimension was amount to 630 hectares,which triggered a panic in the public.However,this species just fed on bryophyte rather than bit numerous leaves.6.Finally,some strategies to suppress or eradicate main species of forest pests and diseases were summed up for IMP of Jinjiang city,including B.xylophilus,M.alternatus,D.punctatus,H.pitysophila,L.xylina and M.gigas.