| The key character of production of high quality chicken in China are as following:excellent production performance, distinctive appearance, good meat flavor, conforming to the habits of people’s traditional consumption and the market requirement, the important problem of high quality poultry breeding and production is how to improve the performance of production, at the same time we can maintain the unique characteristics of appearance and excellent meat flavor. With conventional breeding methods, breeding managers have improved the performance of high quality chickens in our country, and bred many distinctive lines, but the research of the relation between appearance (plumage and shank colors, etc.) and the production performance is not enough, it still needs further study on different of plumage color traits to determine the production direction of high quality chicken.This test take the line of shallow plume (SD02) and the line of deep plume (SD03) and the cross offspring (SD0203) of high quality chicken as the research objects, measured the carcass traits and meat quality of different groups, compared and analyzed the differences between different groups. With direct sequencing to research the SNP of MC1R and the relation with the feather color of different groups of the test objects. The main results are as follows:The result of carcass traits indicated that in the same age, the difference of carcass traits of different lines was remarkable (P< 0.05). The live weight of SD03 was lower than SD02 (P<0.05), The half eviscerated rate and the leg muscle rate of SD02 were observably high than the SD03 (P<0.05), The carcass traits of SD02 was better than the SD03, the meat characteristics of SD02 was better. In this test, comparing the carcass traits of different feather color in the cross offspring SD0203, we could found that on the same day age, the difference of carcass traits of different feather color was remarkable (P<0.05), the live weight, eviscerated weight, breast muscle weight of the light color feather chickens were higher than the dark feather chickens, The carcass traits of the light color feather chickens was better than the dark feather chickens.In the present study, the result of meat quality showed that the difference of flesh color of different sex chicken was remarkable (P<0.05), the reddishness of chest muscle color (a value) of the hen was significantly higher than the cock, the yellowness index of chest muscle color (b value) of the hen was significantly lower than the cock. The difference of meat color of different lines was remarkable (P< 0.05) the brightness (L value), reddishness (a value) of SD02was higher (P< 0.05).The difference of the meat color of different feather color in the cross offspring SD0203, the a value of the light color feather chickens was higher than the dark feather chickens, the meat color of the light color feather chickens was better than the dark feather chickens.The direction of SNP showed that there were three mutation sites of basic group of MCI R gene in the high quality chicken that resulted in transforming of three amino acid,they are located in the 215 T> C resulting in M72T,277 G> A resulting in E93K,647 A> C resulting in H216P. The result of the chi-square showed that the difference between the light color feather chickens and the dark feather chickens of the genotype of the three mutation sites was non-significant.All in all, in the present study The carcass traits of SD02 was better than the SD03, and the meat color of SD02 line was better than SD03 line;The carcass trait and meat color of the light color feather chickens were better than the dark feather chickens in the cross offspring SD0203. The location of the genotype of the three mutation sites of MC1R gene has no relationship with the feather color of the test chicken. |
PDF Full Text Request