Effects Of High Dietary Fluorine On Blood Parameters Of Broilers

The aim of this study was conducted through a corn-soybean basal diet and three kinds of daily food in different concentration gradient of sodium fluoride, to explore the effect of high F dietary on erythrocyte and erythrocyte immune adherence function, serum biochemical parameters, serum cytokines, serum immunoglobulins and oxidative stress parameters in broiler chickens.A total of 280 1-day-old healthy avian broiler chickens were randomly allotted into four equal groups of 70 birds each and fed with a corn-soybean basal diet (control group) or same basal diets supplemented with 400,800, and 1,200 mg F/kg (high F groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ, and Ⅲ) in the form of sodium fluoride for 42 days. Blood was collected at 14,28 and 42 days of age. The results were as follows:1. Measurement of the effects of high dietary F on erythrocyte and erythrocyte immune adherence function in broiler chickens showed that the total erythrocyte count (TEC), hemoglobin (Hb), and packed cell volume (PCV) were significantly lower (P<0.05 or P<0.01) and the hemolysis start point (HSP) and the hemolysis maximum point (HMP) of erythrocyte osmotic fragility (EOF) were higher in the high F groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ than that in the control group from 14 to 42 days of age (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The erythrocyte C3b receptor rosette rate (E-C3bRR) was significantly decreased in the three high F groups (P<0.01), whereas the erythrocyte immune complex rosette rate (E-ICRR) was markedly increased in the high F groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ from 14 to 42 days of age (P<0.01).2. At the 42 days of age, the serum fluoride content was markedly higher in the three high F groups than that in the control group (P<0.01).3. Measurement of the effects of high dietary F on serum biochemical parameters in broiler chickens showed that the contents of serum total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) were significantly lower in the three high F groups from 28 to 42 days of age (P<0.05 or P<0.01) and the content of serum triglyceride (TG) was significantly lower in the three high F group (P<0.01), whereas there was no significant difference in the content of serum total cholesterol (TC) among the three high F groups and the control group from 14 to 42 days of age; the activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and the contents of creatinine (Crea) in the serum were markedly higher (P<0.05 or P<0.01) in the three high F groups; aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity and uric acid (Ua) content were significantly higher in the high F groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ (.P<0.05 or P<0.01) than those in the control group from 14 to 42 days of age.4. Measurement of the effects of high dietary F on serum cytokines and immunoglobulins in broiler chickens showed that the contents of serum interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), interferon gamma (IFN-y) were significantly lower in the high F groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ from 14 to 42 days of age (P<0.01); the contents of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) were markedly lower in the high F groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ than those in the control group (P<0.01) except that there were no significant differences in the contents of serum IgG between the high F group Ⅱ and the control group at 28 days of age; the serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) contents were significantly lower (P<0.01) in the high F group Ⅱ at 14 days of age, in the high F group Ⅲ at 14 to 28 days of age than those of the control group. However, the serum IgA contents were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01) in the high F groups Ⅲ and Ⅲ at 42 days of age.5. Measurement of the effects of high dietary F on serum oxidative stress parameters in broiler chickens showed that the malondialdehyde (MDA) content was increased, and the activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), and the glutathione (GSH) content and the ability to inhibit hydroxyl radical were decreased in the high F groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ from 14 to 42 days of age (P<0.01).In conclusion, high dietary F in the range of 800～1200 mg/kg could cause anemia, oxidative stress, induce abnormal functions of liver, kidney and impact immune functions in broiler chickens.