The Effect Of Slaughter Traits Selection On The SNP Locus Of CAPN1, CAPN3 And CAST Gene In Daheng Chicken

The calpain system is ubiquitous in cells, which mainly including calpain and calpastatin. The main function of calpain is hydrolysate protein and effect postmortem meat quality; Calpastatin can inhibit the activity of calpain and depress the hydolyzation of protein after slaughter.This experiment selects six high-quality chicken strains which were cultivated by Sichuan Animal Science Academy and Sichuan Dahen Poultry Breeding Company, screened the SNPs of CAPN1、CAPN3、CAST genes, and compared the data which had been reported in third generation, analysis the changes of mutations in different generations.Result shows:That in the ninth generations, there were four single nuleotide polymorphisms(SNP) were obtained in CAPN1 gene, G3535A(SNP1) from exon 6, C7198A(SNP2) and G7324A(SNP3) from exon 16, and G9950A(SNP4) from intron 3. Two single nuleotide polymorphisms(SNP) were obtained in CAPN3 gene. And there was one single nuleotide polymorphisms(SNP) obtained in CAST gene, G37868A(SNP7) from intron 11.T11811A (SNP5) from intron 8 and C12285T(SNP6) from exon 10.Analysis the relationship between mutations and slaughter traits, we found in CAPN1 gene, the SNP1 can significantly effect on breast muscle weight and subcutaneous fat(P< 0.05); SNP2 had significant effect on percentage of semi-eviscerated weight(P< 0.05) and extremely significant effect on abdominal fat weight and percentage of abdominal fat (P< 0.01); SNP3 had significant effect on live weight and percentage of semi-eviscerated weight(P< 0.05), and extremely significant effect on carcass weight(P< 0.01); SNP4 can significant effect on live weight, carcass weight, breast muscle weight and leg muscle weight(P< 0.05). GG and CC genotype had significant or extremely significant higher than others. In CAPN3 gene, the SNP5 had extremely significant effect on percentage of breast muscle, and the TT genotype had extremely significant higher than AA or AT genotype(P< 0.01). SNP6 had significant effect on live weight andcarcass weight and extremely significant effect on breast muscle and leg muscle, CC genotype had significant or extremely significant higher than others. In CAST gene, the SNP7 had a significant effect on live weight and carcass weight, AA and AG genotype had significant higher on GG genotype.Through analysis the gene frequencies and genotypes of CAPN1, CAPN3 and CAST gene, we found that it was changed from third generations to ninth generations, the gene frequency which is favorable for slaughter traits increased, and unfavorable decline. During we choose the slaughter traits in the breeding, the gene frequencies of CAPN1, CAPN3 and CAST gene changed, and the SNP locus of these genes can be truly heredity in generations. So we can infer, these genes were related to slaughter traits and take it as a Molecular markers used in chicken breeding.