| Myostatin, which is a negative regulatory factor by inhibiting the myoblast proliferation and play a role,is a member of the super family of transforming growth factor β(TGF-β). Chaohu duck belongs to medium and all-purpose breed which has high quality meat and eggs, It can meet the demand of People’s Daily diet and its breeding is across the great river north and south. but the Chaohu duck may grow too slow early to go to the market quickly, so how to improve the Chaohu duck growth performance become the most important task. To explore local varietiy of Chaohu duck’s growth law and MSTN’s group distribution of genetic diversity and its effect on muscle growth regulation, this experiment first measured the Chaohu duck growth stage of different weight and listed before slaughter performance; PCR-SSCP method amplification of MSTN gene 5’control region, three exons and intron 2, detect MSTN gene SNPs in the group distribution, as well as the correlation between SNPs and weight and slaughter performance.Test male ducks birth weight,4 weeks,8 weeks and 12 weeks of average weight were 46.6±3.4 g and 551.58 ±85.66 g,1228.24±159.13 g and 1740.74±204.88 g, the female ducks in turn were 46.8±4.41 g and 468.67±65.59 g and 1219.03±154.82 g and 1476.75 ±149.44g; M.ale ducks slaughtering rate, half eviscerated ratio, eviscerated ratio, chest muscle rate and leg muscle rate (%) average is respectively 88.30±5.05,80.41±6.13, 73.12±6.08,10.55±1.44,13.60±1.36, and female ducks, in turn, were 91.25±2.74, 83.66±4.16,76.95±4.23,83.66±1.49,13.48±1.50. Detection by means of least square method, the male duck in 4 weeks,12 weeks weight were extremely significant (P<0.01) higher than the femail duck, and common in slaughtering performance significantly (P<0.05) or very significant (P< 0.01) is lower than the femail duck, the male duck early growth faster than the femail duck, but the femail duck slaughtering performance is higher.In the intron 2 and exon 3 fragments amplified respectively detect point mutations. G/A mutation was detected in exon 3 as well as gene 6375bp, three genotypes (AA, AB, and BB) were found and the number of AA genotype were a little more than BB genotype, AB type is the least. allele A frequency slightly higher than the allele B, chi-square test result shows the genotype distribution of this group does not conform to the Hardy Weinberg equilibrium (P<0.05). T/C mutation was detected in intron 2 as well as gene 5264bp, three genotypes (DD, DE, EE) were also found, the DD genotype has the majority and D allele frequency higher than E allele frequency more than twice, chi-square test result shows that only male in each genotype distribution is in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05).Two point mutations have significant effects on production traits. Variance analysis showed that AA genotype had significant higher breast muscle rate than BB genotype in male colonies (P<0.05) and AB genotype had significant higher breast muscle rate than AA or BB genotype in female colonies (P<0.05); AA genotype had significant higher leg muscle rate than BB genotype in female colonies (P<0.05). EE genotype in slaughter rate, half eviscerated ratio and the whole eviscerated ratio on female ducks were significantly higher than that of the DD type (P<0.05), the male duck between different genotypes in weight and slaughtering performance differences were not significant (P>0.05). Combined genotypes in female colonies showed that ABDD genotype had significant higher breast muscle rate than BBDD or AAEE genotype(P<0.01) and AADD genotype(P<0.05), and significant higher leg muscle rate than BBDD genotype(P<0.05); Comprehensive the above results, ABDD genotype of femail showed higher slaughter performance.This study first analyzes the polymorphism fragments of MSTN gene in chaohu duck, and the correlation between the polymorphism loci and production traits, make for the research of MSTN gene in poultry to another, promoted the MSTN gene a wider range of applications. |
