Studies On Selection And Breeding Of Pseudostellaria Heterophylla In JiangSu Province

Pseudostellaria heterophylla(Miq,)Pax ex Pax et Hoffm.is a famous native herbal medicine in Jiangsu province, in recent years, due to long-time over-use and various human factors, pseudostellaria root of wild resources and the cultivated area has been reduced year by year in our province. Single cultivars and a long time asexual reproduction made variety characteristics degradation obviousily, also restrict the development of industry of Pseudostellaria heterophylla.In view of Pseudostellaria heterophylla resources in Jiangsu province status, It is necessary for us to breeding a new strain which is genetic stability and superior by modern technology,to provide the basis for GAP production of Pseudostellaria heterophylla and promote the sustainable use of Pseudostellaria heterophylla resources in Jiangsu province. On the basis of related literature, we conducted the following research and obtain some results.(1) Pseudostellaria heterophylla resource survey and biological characteristics research. We have studied Pseudostellaria heterophylla in resource distribution, growth environment, morphological structure, growth characteristics, development pattern, finally we found that, Pseudostellaria heterophylla uaually distribution at an area of 40～120 m、14～16℃, well drained, better in yellow brown soil and lime soil. The main vegetation is evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest; wild Pseudostellaria heterophylla generally higher than the cultivars, stem branch and root less; the growth and development regularity, but phenophase have bigger difference,the difference is deeply influenced by the environment(2)Pseudostellaria heterophylla dynamic growth information research. Using three factors logistic equation fitting the correlation between aerial part and underground part of Pseudostellaria heterophylla. Between march and may,the aerial part and underground part of Pseudostellaria heterophylla has a very significant positive correlation; by tracing observation, we’ve got the three factors logistic curve equation of leaf area、stem diameter、plant height of Pseudostellaria heterophylla; the growth rate and biomass of the aerial parts of big blade Pseudostellaria heterophylla were greater than the lobular type finally.(3) Pseudostellaria heterophylla photosynthetic and physiological research. By comparing the diurnal change of photosynthesis, light response curve, the water and chlorophyll characteristics of different strains of Pseudostellaria heterophylla to evaluate their photosynthetic capacity, environmental adaptation ability. The photosynthetic active radiation, leaf temperature and net photosynthetic rate change trend all shows single-peak type,and reached its peak in 11、13、15 o’clock without "noon break" phenomenon. Pseudostellaria heterophylla belongs to three carbon shade-tolerant plants, should been covered partly in the process of cultivation. ZheRong has the highest photosynthetic efficiency, Xuancheng has the strongest drought resistance, different types of chlorophyll relative content and leaf color trend have the same change trend.(4) Pseudostellaria heterophylla effective components research. After extraction, Heterophyllin B of Pseudostellaria heterophylla from different produce area and different developmental stages were determined by Agilent 1100 HPLC. The contents of Heterophyllin B of Pseudostellaria heterophylla from Jiangsu were the highest,followed by those from Anhui and Guizhou,and the lowest contents were those from Fujia. The contents of Heterophyllin B of wild Pseudostellaria heterophylla samples were higher than all the cultivated. The contents of Zheshen No.2 from Jiangsu was higher than those from Fujian. The contents of Heterophyllin B of Pseudostellaria heterophylla of different developmental stages showed regular changes, respectively is higher in May and July. Considering the biomass, finally we choose to harvest in July, consistent with the traditional.(5)Pseudostellaria heterophylla breeding research. Useing sexual hybridization and tissue culture to breeding fine varieties. First we study the pollen viability, the stigma receptivity and storage character of Pseudostellaria heterophylla. In vitro pollen germination method was suitable for the determination of pollen germination of Pseudostellaria heterophylla,the optimal medium was 0.04% H3BO3+15%sucrose+11% PEG4000, in which the pollen germination capacity reached to 92.44%; The stigma receptivity of Pseudostellaria heterophylla was higher when the pollen anther opening;the results showed that short-term pollen storage at -4℃ was the most suitable while the long-term pollen storage was at-80 ℃. Selecting ZheRong, Xuancheng cultivars as male parent,Nanjing、Jurong wilds as male parent for cross breeding, finally we got 32 hybrid seeds of 4 kinds. Through Physical methods such as repeated cutting we got regeneration plant Z3 from callus; through chemical methods such as colchicine inducement, we got polyploid Test tube seedlings of Pseudostellaria heterophylla. The callus polyploidy induction rate was 14% after 10d treatment in culture medium with 300mg/L autumn daffodil.(6)Pseudostellaria heterophylla fine strains evaluation and screening research. JS01 is a fine strains selected through hybrid seeds and seedling those got in early experiment by multi-index evaluation, STB7、STB 8、STB11、STB 13 are selected from the tetraploid tube seedlings. By using the method of ISSR-PCR, at the DNA level,the genetic diversity of Pseudostellaria heterophylla are analyzed. The results of this paper will provide a lot to fine strains breeding of Pseudostellaria heterophyllain in Jiangsu province.