Effects Of Dietary Fermentation Concentrate Of Ganoderma Applanatum(pers.ex Gray.)Pat. On Lipid Metabolism Of Broiler Chickens

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary supplementation of the liquid submerged fermentation concentrate of Ganoderma applanatum(Pers.) Pat. on the growth performance and lipid metabolism in broilers. Through the determination of the contents of fat and cholesterol in serum,muscles,liver,excreta of broilers. Experiment 1 day old healthy AA broilers of 225, were randomly divided into 5 treatments, respectively, control group, antibiotic group(adding Flavomycin basal diet 5mg/kg) and three dose group(basal diets were supplemented with 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2% of the GAC polysaccharide content), each treatment had 3 group repeat, each repeat 15, test time is 42 d. The results were as follows:1. Effects on growth performance of broiler chickens by GAC. The results showed that: in the whole test period of 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2%GAC were added to broiler average daily gain, average daily feed intake was significantly(P < 0.05) than that of the control group and the antibiotic group; 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2% GAC were added to the feed meat ratio was significantly lower than that of control group(P < 0.05) and antibiotics group, these results suggest that, addition of GAC in broiler diets could improve the production performance of broilers.2. The experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary polysaccharides from the fermentation concentrate of Ganoderma applanatum(Pers.ex Gray.) pat on serum TG, abdominal fat, and lipid content in liver, muscles and excreta of broilers. The results showed that: At different age stages(day 21 and 42), dietary supplemengtation with GAC significantly decreased serum TG(P<0.05), Dietary supplementation of GAC had no significantly(P<0.05) effect on the lipid content in thigh muscle, breast muscle of broilers. Abdominal fat percent were significantly reduced(P<0.05) in the broilers fed with 0.1% and 0.2% of GAC than that of the control group. Liver fat percent were significantly reduced(P<0.05) in the broilers fed with 0.1% of GAC than that of the control group. Extract fat percent were significantly reduced(P<0.05) in the broilers fed with 0.2% of GAC than that of the control group.3.The experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary polysaccharides from the fermentation concentrate of Ganoderma applanatum(Pers.ex Gray.) pat on the contents of cholesterol in serum,muscles,liver,excreta of broilers. The results showed that: 1) At different age stages(day 21 and 42), dietary supplemengtation with GAC significantly decreased serum total cholesterol(P<0.05),the levels of 0.1%and 0.2%significantly increased serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol contents of broilers compared to the control group(P<0.05), the levels of 0.1% significantly decreased serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol contents(P<0.05).2) Cholesterol levels of thigh muscle was significantly reduced in the broilers fed with 0.05% and 0.1% of GAC(P<0.05), a fed with 0.1% of GAC significantly decreased(P<0.05)the cholesterol levels of liver muscle contents of broilers; and fed with 0.2% of GAC significantly decreased(P<0.05)the cholesterol levels of breast muscle contents of broilers; Compared with the control group, supplementation with GAC at different levels significantly increased bile acid excretion in feces of broilers(P<0.05),and cholesterol contents of excreta were higher in the broilers fed with 0.05% and 0.1% of GAC compared to the control group(P<0.05).It could be concluded that the decreased contents of cholesterol in breast muscle, thigh muscle and liver of broilers may be caused by an increase in the fecal excretion of cholesterol and bile acid,and the optimum amount in the diet is the 0.1% level for GAC.4. The experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary polysaccharides from the fermentation concentrate of Ganoderma applanatum(Pers.ex Gray.) pat on the gene expression of the key enzymes of fat synthesis, including Acetyl-Co A carboxylase(ACC) and fatty acid synthase(FAS), and the key enzyme of cholesterol synthesis, β-hydroxy-β-methyl-glutaric acid acyl coenzyme A reductase(HMGR), were studied in this research. The results revealed that: At different age stages(day 21 and 42), dietary supplementation with different levels of GAC significantly decreased the m RNA expression of FAS and ACC in the liver of broilers(P<0.05), On day 42, dietary supplementation with GAC had significant decreased the m RNA expression of HMGR in the liver of broilers(P<0.05). The results of this study suggest that dietary supplementation with GAC could decrease the gene expression of ACC, FAS and HMGR, which are the key enzymes during the fat and cholesterol synthesis, then may decrease the fat and cholesterol synthesis in the liver of broilers and may have some effects on the deposition of fat and cholesterol, and thus have the function of decreasing fat deposition and meat cholesterol content of broilers.