Genetic Analysis Of Main Traits Of Nanjiang Cashmere Goats In Xinjiang By Different Animal Models

The study collected the Lambing record, weaning weight records, breeding records and identification records of Nanjiang Cashmere goats of Goat Research Center of Akesu in Xinjiang from 1998 to 2014 year. It using least squares of SAS8.1 software to analysis non-genetic factors that affect the early growth traits, reproductive traits and fleece traits of Nanjiang Cashmere goats, and using DMU software to estimate the variance components of each trait in different animal models to find the best model for each trait, and analysis genetic trends for each trait, it is to improve the accuracy of genetic parameter estimation, also for provide the theoretical basis of production practice and breeding management of Nanjiang cashmere goats, also for the foundation of optimization of breeding scheme and improved genetic progress in the future. Based on the genetic analysis of early growth traits, reproductive traits and fleece traits of Nanjiang Cashmere goats, the results were as follows:1. The descriptive statistics showed that the averages of birth weight, weaning weight, average daily gain, survival rate of birth, gestation period, cashmere yield, post-shearing body weight and cashmere fineness of Nanjiang Cashmere goats were 2.29, 15.12 kg, 106.85 g, 0.80, 153.53 d, 409 g, 22.02 kg and 14.81 μm, respectively. Analysis the fixed effects of each trait by using least squares of SAS8.1 software, the result showed that the age of maternal had a highly significant effect on birth weight, weaning weight, cashmere yield and post-shearing body weight(P<0.01), and had no significant effect on cashmere fineness(P>0.05). Birth type had a highly significant effect on birth weight, weaning weight, cashmere yield and cashmere fineness(P<0.01),had no significant effect on average daily gain and post-shearing body weight(P>0.05). Gender had a highly significant effect on birth weight, weaning weight, average daily gain(P<0.01), and had no significant effect on cashmere fineness(P>0.05).Birth year and birth month had a significant effect on birth weight weaning weight, average daily gain(P<0.01), measuring year and measuring age have highly significant effects on cashmere yield, post-shearing body weight and cashmere fineness(P<0.01).Production year and month of ewe had a significant effect on survival rate of birth and gestation period(P<0.01), Ewe age had a significant effect on survival rate of birth(P<0.01), and had no significantly effect on gestation period(P>0.05).2. Variance component was estimated of each trait by using different animal models, and used the likelihood ratio test to determine the best models of each trait. The result showed that the best model of birth weight was consider the maternal genetic effect and maternal permanent environmental effects, the best model of weaning weight and gestation period were consider the maternal genetic effect, the best model of average daily gain did not consider the maternal genetic effect and maternal permanent environmental effects, the best model of survival rate of birth was consider the individual permanent environmental effects, the best model of cashmere yield and post-shearing body weight were consider the individual permanent environmental effect, the best model of cashmere fineness was consider the maternal genetic and individual permanent environmental effect.3. The direct heritability of birth weight, weaning weight, average daily gain, survival rate of birth, gestation period, cashmere yield and post-shearing body weight of Nanjiang Cashmere goats were 0.37,0.41,0.32,0.018,0.024,0.26,0.17 and 0.35 that according to the best model of each trait. The total heritability of birth weight, weaning weight, average daily gain, survival rate of birth, gestation period, cashmere yield and post-shearing body weight of Nanjiang Cashmere goats were 0.39,0.26,0.32,0.018,0.001,0.26,0.17 and 0.15 by using the formula of total heritability.4. This article analysis the phenotypic trends and genetic trends of Nanjiang cashmere goats, result in the phenotypic trends and genetic trends of birth weight, weaning weight, average daily gain, survival rate of birth and cashmere yield were increasing along with the year, only the phenotypic trends of gestation period and genetic trends of post-shearing body weight and cashmere fineness was decreasing by year.