A Study On The Plant Cultivation And Its Environmental Effects Within The Urbanization Context Of Southern Fujian

This paper discusses the driving force of large tree transplantation and its ecological environment effect under the background of rapid urbanization with a example of Zhangzhou, Fujian. First of all, aiming at the big tree transplanting technology in early ecological research is insufficient, the transplanting process of conventional technology and the transplanting process operations oversight are summarized, through literature collection, analysis and induction. Secondly, through the analysis of the causes and mechanism of the "big tree", the influence of the push-pull power of the "big trees into cities" is explored. Thirdly, in the view that the current research is lacking in the negative effect of big tree transplanting on the rural environment, this paper select several typical village to carry out the investigation, to study the effect of transplanting on rural ecological environment, human sustenance, including what is the impact on the rural natural environment and social and economic development and cultural environment and its influence degree. Finally, based on big tree transplanting mechanism and the transplantation technique, the corresponding effective countermeasures are put forward to reduce the urban and rural negative environmental effect caused by "big trees into cities",balancing the environmental and economic benefits.The main contents and results of this study are as follows:1. At present, the survival rate of big tree transplanting is generally low, and the technology of large tree transplantation needs to be further improved. For now, The big tree transplanting methods and processes including: tree selecting, pruning, soil ball digging and wraping up, lifting and transportation, planting and maintenance etc. Each link of the transplantation has corresponding technical methods, but there are some problems: lacking system research for the ecological habits of transplanted trees; the analysis of planting soil environment is insufficient, so that the big tree transplantation can not fit the physiological adaptation; packaging and transportation process of technology also needs to be further improved. In addition, the large trees after transplanting are lack of the maintenance, resulting the environmental factors effect(tree disease, insect pests and extreme weather damage) and even man-made damage. Some researchs have shown that: the survival rate of transplanting of some nursery trees is 40%-60%, the average survival rate is only 45.45%.2. On the basis of previous studies, this paper summarize the role and significance of tree transplantation to carry on typical case analysis by the literature analysis, field investigation and other means. The big tree transplanting are mainly for the transplant preparation, transplantation of the routine operation and pant maintenance. According to the different demands of transplant, the big tree transplanting technique is slightly different, this paper select the local camphor tree, Magnolia grandiflora and Podocarpus macrophyllus as a typical case to analyze the different main points of big tree transplanting technique and method, including tree selecting, potholing, branch processing, lifting, transportation, planting and planting management, aiming at improving the survival rate of transplanted trees.3. The mechanism of tree transplanting and its influence to the rural natural environmrnt are analyzed. The results show that: the large tree transplanting into city is under the effect of multiple benefits, such as economy, society and ecology, and the "push-pull" force between urban and rural areas, in whcih the urban green construction and real estate demand are the main thrust, and the interests of the country recipient and the weak rural ecological environment protection consciousness have affect on the motive force, too. Besides, the opportunity of the big trees into the city is directly determined by the demand and the market of the tree transplanting. In the current urbanization construction, the vast majority of city tend to the big tree transplanting in due to the urban environment can quickly obtain the ideal natural environment and good ecological system, hereby increasing the tree cities demand. On the other hand, the purchase price of forest trees is often higher than the farmers planting costs and the annual economic crop harvest, so many farmers sold there trees for the maximization of individual interests, especially in the supply and booming market. In addition to the interests, the rural areas residents have a weak environment protection consciousness also become the main reason for the big tree transplanting. Therefore, under the effect of urban garden market, the rural thrust has relieved the pressure of the tree market, and promoted the emergence and development of the phenomenon.4. Trees play a significant effect in the green city construction and ecological functions, but for the rural areas where trees are transplanted, the ecological environment of the changes are often overlooked. Judging the degree of the impact of tree transplanting and evaluating the ecological environment after transplanting in rural areas should be important part in the whole process. Firstly, the paper construct the ecological impact assessment index, using expert scoring method and selseting the evaluation factors of soil physicochemical structure, ecological process, rural ecological function, natural landscape and soil erosion to analyse and explore the defects and deficiencies of the ecological environment in rural areas after the transplantation of trees. Besides, this paper selects three countrysides nearby the flowers village in Zhangzhou city(flower trading center) to analyze and the reslut reveals that the ecological impact assessment index of Shangxi village, Hengchun village and Linqian village is 0.89,1.02 and 1.27 respectively. And transplant trees in Shangxi village and Hengchun village are mainly from farm nursery, batch cultivation, whcih have less damage to the ecological environment. Linqian village is different for the reason that the village has strong human feelings and its development level is lower than that two countryside, and the large tree transplating effect on the local ecological landscape(spiritual sustenance) is the biggest. On the whole, the soil physicochemical structure, ecological process, natural landscape can be affected by the transplanting of large tree.At last, On the basis of the above analysis, the paper puts forward the corresponding policy suggestions to provide some useful reference for the rapid urbanization of rural areas and urban environment optimization. The policy suggestions include promoting the development of rural eco industry to increse the ecological and economic benefits; regulating the mechanism of supply and demand with the consideration of urban greening ideas and rural eco economy; developing nursery intensive, scale development and standardizing the market trees transplanting;formulating the big tree transplanting technology and paying attention to the assessment of environment impact of the tree source place.