| Lily belongs to Lilium of Liliaccae, it is monocot subclass plants. Which is the most important horticultural plants in the world. Lily has been famous for brightly color, large flower, graceful pattern and wide varieties. It is one of the five biggest cut flowers market in China or Foreign country. By the way, it is also suitable for landscaping and potted plant. Our country has rich in Lilium species, and it is also the natural distribution center in the world. However, the lily breeding work in our study is fall behind. Compared with other foreign lily breeding, our country has lacked of lily varieties of independent intellectual property rights. At the moment, which our goal is collected different varieties excellent characters together in modern lily breeding, and get new lily hybrids. Through the distant hybridization in commericial breeding has wide application prospect. In this research, we studied on investigate 9 LA hybrids and have crossed breeding between the 13 LA hybrids and wild Lilium leichtlinii var. maximowiczii Baker. The goal is introduced the excellent characteristics of wild species in cultivated species. And the cross-compatibility was evaluated in hybrid species. The main results were as follows:1. Studied on the ploidy character of 9 LA hybrids. Traditional squashing method was used to study the karyotypes of 9 LA hybrids cultivars. Through the analysis the 9 cultivars are all triploid. The results showed that the karyotype formula was:’Cilesta’:2n = 3x = 36 = 6m + 6sm (6SAT) + 15st (6SAT) + 9t; ’couplet’:2n= 3x = 36 = 6m + 6sm(6SAT) + 18st(15SAT) + 6t; ’Eyeliner’:2n = 3x = 36 = 9m(3SAT) + 3sm(3SAT)+ 18st(12SAT) + 6t;’Menorca’:2n = 3x = 36 = 9m(3SAT)+6sm(6SAT)+12st(9SAT)+9t;’Serrada’:2n= 3x= 36 = 6m(3SAT)+9sm(3SAT)+12st(6SAT)+9t;’Donau’:2n = 3x = 36 = 9m(6SAT)+9sm(6SAT)+ 12st(3SAT)+6t;’Desiderio’:2n = 3x = 36 = 9m (3SAT)+6sm+15st(9SAT)+6t(3SAT);’Laskmi’:2n= 3x= 36 = 9m(3SAT)+6sm(6SAT)+15st(6SAT)+6t; "White sound’:2n = 3x = 36 = 9m(3SAT)+9sm(9SAT)+ 15st(6SAT)+3t. The analysed results that the karyotype of’Serrada’was 3A, the others were 3B. Karyotype asymmetry coefficient respectively were 75.76%,76.33%,75.30%,73.69%,74.81%,71.89%,73.43%, 73.10%,71.84%.2. In the cross-compatibility test, Used LA hybrid as female, Lilium leichtlinii.vax.maximowiczii Baker as male. There were 13 crosses in the hybrid designs,390 flowers were pollinated,3146 seeds were obtained, and the cross combinations of seed setting rate higher than 25% were 10.3.It was observed by fluorescence microscope that in the crosses of Lilium leichtlinii.var.maximowiczii Baker self-pollination and the LA cultivars ’California’× Lilium leichtlinii.var.maximowiczii Baker. There were some difficulty in the process of cross-pollination.. The pollen of Lilium leichtlinii.var.maximowiczii Baker could germinate on the stigma of LA hybrid, but the speed of pollen germinate rates were fell behind the self-pollination, pollen tube growth were blocked, it arrived at the ovary and finished the fertilization in 48h was difficulty. However, there were still obtained embryo seeds after hybridization. By the way, when L. leichtlinii.var.maximowiczii Baker had self-pollination, pollen tube growth faster than cross-pollination, could successful completion of the fertilization in 48-72h. |
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