Studies On Ploidy Breeding And Pollen Storage Tolerance Characteristics Of Lilium Tsingtauense Gilg

Lilium tsingtauense is one of unique wild flowers resources in Qingdao belong to the Liliaceae family round leaf group. Adult plant is straight and slender, with whorled leaves and beautiful flowers. It is a rare wild flowers resources and breeding materials because of good ornamental effects and strong shade resistance.The tissue culture seedling and bulbs of L. tsingtauense were used as experimental materials to study the mutagenic effects of colchicines and Oryzalin for chromosome doubling;The anther of L..tsingtauense were used as experimental materials, research the process of microspore development and anther culture; and the effect of different storage conditions of pollen viability. The main results were as follows:1. The tissue culture seedling of L. tsingtauense were used as experimental materials to study the mutagenic effects of colchicines for chromosome doubling, the optimum concentration was 0.05%,treatment time was 24h, mutagenic rate was 53.3%; Shoot-tips culture in colchicines medium inducing polyploidy , the optimum concentration was0.05%,treatment time was 14d, mutagenic rate was 36.7%; the mutagenic effects of Oryzalin for chromosome doubling,, the optimum concentration was0.050%,treatment time was 12h mutagenic rate was 36.7%.The best method was soaking method with colchicines.2. The bulbs of L. tsingtauense were used as experimental materials, the optimum concentration of soaking method with Oryzalin was0.05%, treatment time was 12h, and mutagenic rate was 20%. the optimum concentration of soaking method with colchicines was0.005%,treatment time was 24h, mutagenic rate was13.3%.there were low mutagenic rate with those tow methods.3. Plant morphology and cytology observation on two Ploidy of Lilium tsingtauense with similar growth stage and environment background suggested that tetraploids are bigger than corresponding diploids in the leaf morphology. The thickness and width of the leaf of tetraploid are bigger than the diploids. The length is 191.1% that of diploids; the width is 107.4% that of diploid. The thickness of tetraploid is 156.7%that of diploids. The leaf index become smaller, is 67.5% that of diploids. By the analysis those index is significantly different. The root of tetraploid is more flat. Compare the characteristic of thetetraploids stoma with that of diploid,The result show: The defendable cell of the tetraploids is evidently bigger. The length of the stoma is 171.6% that of diploids and the width is 154.1% that of diploids. While the density decreases, the density is 68.4% that of diploids. By the analysis those index is significantly different.4. Most pollen mother cells were in the meiosis phase when the flower bud was less than 21mm, most microspores were in the uninicleate stage when the flower was about 22～24mm,and most microspore wan in the dikarypphase when the flower was more than 25mm. In this experiment, the author did not get anther callus.5.The pollen was storage in different ways, normal temperature,normal temperature and drying, 0℃～4℃cool storage,0℃～4℃cool and drying storage,-18℃～0℃freezing storage,-18℃～0℃freezing and drying storage. the results showed that the optimum storage condition was -18℃～0℃freezing and drying storage, the pollen viability was 12.1% when it has storage 90days.