Research On The Relationship Between The Main Environmental Factors Of Chongqing And The Quality Of Tobacco

To investigate the factors, including environmental factors, weather and soil, how to impact the quality of the tobacco,this paper studied the meteorological date from2005to2010, tobacco conventional chemical data and tobacco rating, as well as the2008National Soil Survey Data in the major tobacco planting area of Chongqing.This study used modern mathematical statistics to analysis and evaluate the soil nutrients, weather conditions and the quality of flue-cured in cities and counties in Chongqing. On the basis, the study was to investigate the effects of tobacco soil and weather conditions on the quality of tobacco in different regions of Chongqing.The main findings are as follows:1. The lower pH soil in Chongqing tobacco area, appropriate and high-level average was6.74%,62.69%and30.57%,indicating the pH of soil in Chongqing tobacco area was appropriate; The lower soil organic matter content appropriate, rich and extreme level in Chongqing area was1.04%、38.34%、52.33%and8.29%.It indicated that the content of Available phosphorus was moderate or high. Chongqing tobacco planting soil available nitrogen shortage, moderate, rich and very rich grade average was0.52%、6.74%、18.65%and74.09%, indicating that soil nitrogen supply capacity of Chongqing Tobacco was good. Chongqing tobacco soil available phosphorus content pole missing, missing, moderate, rich and very rich levels was6.21%,6.21%,40.93%,45.08%and1.44%, indicating that soil available phosphorus content of Chongqing Tobacco area was moderate or high. Tobacco planting soil available K potassium pole missing, missing, moderate, rich and very rich levels was3.63%,51.81%,26.94%,15.54%and2.07%, indicating that available K content in Chongqing Tobacco area was generally low.The potash fertilizer should be increased. Based on the conventional soil nutrient content, the soil fertility index (Q:) was0.621.2.Through Chongqing Tobacco area meteorological data analysis, the results showed that there were moderate temperatures, average daily temperature=20℃long duration, rich rainfall, light water in the Tobacco field. In tobacco reproductive period, temperatures、 sunshine、moisture factor、geothermal、shallow ground temperature of5cm, shallow ground temperature of10cm and other indicators showed small differences between places, indicating a more uniform of Chongqing Tobacco area spatial and temporal distribution of climatic factors.3.According to conventional chemical quality of tobacco leaves, Chongqing Tobacco lower leaves (X2F)were divided into three categories (The first category including Fengdou,Wuxi,Fengjie,Nanchuan,Shizhu, the second including Qianjiang, the last one including Wulong,Pengshui,Youyang). From the assigned chemical quality scores, we can see the chemical quality of the first and the third categories have good coordination. The middle-leaves(C3F) were divided into three categories too (The first including Fengdou,Wuxi,Shizhu,Wushan,Wulong; the second including Nanchuan,Youyang,Pengshui; the last one including Fengjie.). From the assigned chemical quality scores, we can see the score ranging is the second category> the third one>the first one. Finally, we divided the top-leaves(B2F) into four categories(The first including Fengdou, Qianjiang, Fengjie, Pengshui,Wuxi; the second including Wulong,Youyang,Wushan; the third including Nanchu-an; the last including Shizhu.). From the assigned chemical quality scores, we can see the score ranging is the first category> the last one>the second one>the third. The overall performance of Tobacco rating results in Chongqing Tobacco Growing Areas was lower aroma quality, heavy mixed gas, permeable irritation, medium spicy aftertaste and concentration. The average composite score is58.33. The best area is Wulong reaching59.89.4. Through the study of the relationship among the climate, quality of flue-cured tobacco and soil, we found the pH value had great impact on the tobacco conventional chemical ingredients. And the K, available phosphorus in the soil impacted on the quantity rating of tobacco.In terms of the temperature, except the maximum in September and minimum in July, the rest of the temperature indicators had no great relationships with the tobacco conventional chemical ingredients.The moisture factor in transplanting to squaring had the great relationship with the total nitrogen content in tobacco and the total rainfall in the field had outstanding positive relationship with the total nitrogen content. There was a great relationship between the August moisture factor and the quality rating.In the terms of sunshine hours, sunshine hours in July and August had impact on the chloride ion content. The sunshine hours in July had a extreme negative relationship with the total nitrogen content, meanwhile the sunshine hours in transplanting-squaring time(May-July) had negative relationship with the quality rating.Geothermal temperature had a limited impact on the tobacco conventional chemical ingredients, but it was a great impact on the quality rating, especially on the density and strength. And there was a negative correlation between the two factors.