A Study On Effect Of Interaction Between N Fertilizer And Density To Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L) Yield And Quality In The Heilongjiang North Regions

Common bean is the main economic crop for export in China. The total export amount ofcommon bean in Heilongjiang Province accounted for50%of the whole country.Common bean isa main source of vegetable protein in many countries because of its high protein and carbohydratecontent Nitrogenous fertilizer application and planting density impact on the yield and qualityof beans. In this study, we analyzed effect of interaction between N fertilizer and density tocommon bean canopy structure, growth,, production and quality in the Heilongjiang North Regionsas to optimize the bean yield components, and explore reasonable population structure andcultivation measures. The results showed that:1. In the N fertilizer treatment, N30is the most suitable quantity of nitrogen fertilizer forPinyun No.2, the yield reached2996.4/hm2, the average yield was2561.9/hm2. For plantingdensity,200,000/hm2was suitable for Pinyun No.2. In the N fertilizer and density of interaction,the impact of production also existed between each of antagonism, a combination of N30and200,000/hm2for beans yields was significantly higher than the other combinations, the highestyield reached3010.38kg/hm2.2. Nitrogen and density of interaction impacted on the length of each growth stage commonbeans. Under nitrogen and density of interaction, the density was the dominant factor. Variousgrowth stages of high nitrogen and high density were delayed compared with low nitrogen andlow density about four days. In the case of lowdensity, N fertilizer had little effect on the commonbeans growing period, but after reaching200000/hm2density, N fertilizer increasedsignificantly the number of days in the various growth stages and growth period, in addition to theseedling stage, the other growth stages correspondingly delayed, postponed about four days.3. Common bean yield components with different density and N fertilizer were changed andthe effect of the antagonism appeared between each other due to the influence of factors on yieldof density was greater than the effect of nitrogen fertilizer. Number of pods per plant, pods grainnumber and grain weight increased with the increase of density decrease, pod number per unit areaincreased with the increase of density.4. With the increase in density, pod length, number of branches per plant, stem diameter andknob number gradually decreased. Under different nitrogen levels, pod length difference was notsignificant; number of branches per plant and the number of knobs in the case of less than200,000/hm2density among fertilizer treatments were not significantly higher than the density afterN45kg/hm2and the number of branches per plant and the number of knobs60kg/hm2significantlyreduced; stem diameter with increasing nitrogen rate increased in the low-density, plantingdensity over200,000/hm2, the stem diameter was decreased.5.With the increase of planting days, leaf area index increased gradually, and then with thegradually mature of common bean, leaf area started to decline. Maximum leaf area for100-200 thousand/hm2wasabout63days after emergence,250-300thousand/hm2as the density increases,the maximum leaf area index started early, about53days after seedling begins to peak, and thenbegan to decline, nitrogen levels also had an impact on the leaf area, but its impact was less thanthe density.6. Common beans commodity rate decreased as the density increase, which N60kg/hm2reduced the magnitude of the largest commodity lowest rate. It was not significant diffient inN15kg/hm2and N30kg/hm2treatment condition and ignificantly different in N45kg/hm2andN60kg/hm2treatment Various densities (except100-150thousand/hm2) treatment on thecommodity rate was extremely significant.7.The maximum value from the point of view of fat appeared on the combination of N45anddensity100thousand/hm2, which was a maximum of1.62%; starch maximum in the N45and200thousand/hm2density, maximum of44.495%, significant different between treatments.Maximum protein appeared on the N45and250thousand/hm2density, maximum of23.612%,significant different between each treatment. Comprehensive analysis of each term, in order toobtain better quality beans, nitrogen fertilizer should be kept on the N45level, the density wasmaintained at between200thousand/hm2.