Study On Rules Of Requirement Of Fertilization And Reasonable Fertilizer Levels Of Young Jujube In South Xinjiang

The plantation of jujube cultivation is growing rapidly in the southern of Xinjiang, Over the pastdecade, planting area increasing year by year, which has became one of the pillar industries to localfarmers who want to add close become rich. However there are many problems, for instance, croppingpatterns are various, cultivation management levels are varies greatly, field management of some jujubeorchard is more extensive, farmers get used to estimate the ideal amount of fertilizer depend on their ownexperience, and they only focus on the use of nitrogen fertilizer or phosphorus fertilizer, and ignore the useof potassium fertilizer. The lack of scientific fertilizer and mixture of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassiumfertilizer wound leads to the low yield and quality of the Chinese jujube. Therefore, the fertilization for theChinese jujube should be adjusted to local condition. The research material of this experiment is biennialred jujube(jun date) in Alar,the experiment use randomized block design and repeate the random samplingthree times. It is should be used the formula of the application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizerin the phase of early-germination, flowering and fruiting stage. Using the actual amount of fertilizerapplied throughout the year as the control, compare with the tree indexes of jujube trees comparatively,such as, leaf nutrient content, chlorophyll content, soil nutrients, quality and yield of jujube fruit. In orderto screened out the optimal amount of NPK’s application in the three growth stages, and provide theoreticalbasis for scientific fertilization, high yield and quality of Chinese Jujube. The experimental results：1.In the fertilization of germination, the tree vigor has a bigger change under T2, The application offertilization in the flowering phase under T6, In the fruiting phase under T11, The tree index(the height ofplant、 the secondary stem diameter、 growth rate and the growth of the young sprout)， Thesignificant compared with the control and other treatments reached, fruit quality ofjujube fruit isbetter, higher production.2.Research shows that, its nutritional growth was strengthened in the period of Jujube germination, thus nitrogen should be increased, with the implication of phosphorus fertilizer and potassium; In the periodof flowering, Jujube trees are turn to reproductive growth, we should increase fertilizer of phosphorus andpotassium mainly, with nitrogen to ensure there is sufficient nutrients to promote floral organ formation and differentiation; The jujube reproductive growth is very strong in the period of fruit setting, in order to improve fruit set rate, reduce physiological flower and fruit drop, promote fruit expansion, and improve fruitquality, you should increase potassium-based, with the application of phosphate, less nitrogen fertilizer.3. The result of the experiment shows that the fertilization increase the amount of quick-actingnutrition in the soil and provide adequate nutrition for the growth of the Chinese jujube trees. Nonetheless,each growth phases needs different amounts of application of the fertilizer. The tree vigor will increasewith the increase of fertilization, however, when the application of fertilization reach a standard amountand it means the absorption of the fertilizer of the tree is saturated. The excessive fertilizer would reducethe growth of the tree vigor. When the experimental is done, the pH value of the soil decreases0.4at most.It states that the fertilization may turn alkaline soil to acid soil and hence leading to soil acidification whichimproves the soil quality.4. The fruit weight of red dates is an important index to determine the yield，The Duncan’s method was tested analyzing: the different fertilization levels on jujube fruit mean single fruit weight and fruit size have significant difference, and there was no significant difference between fruitshape index.5. According to the analysis of the relationship between the nutrition of jun data and soil nutrition byDPS, the relationships between the content of soluble glucose and total nitrogen(the correlation coefficientr=0.6252)and total phosphorus(the correlation coefficient r=0.5779) in soil are significant negative.Contrary, the relationships between the content of soluble glucose and the content of availablenitrogen(the correlation coefficient r=0.4477)and rapid available phosphorus(the correlationcoefficient=0.7175)in soil is significant positive. The relationship between the content of soluble glucoseand rapid available potassium(the correlation coefficient r=0.854)in soil is positive. On the other hand,there are significant positive relationship between the content of soluble protein and total nitrogen(thecorrelation coefficient r=0.3459), available nitrogen(the correlation coefficient r=0.7027), totalpotassium(the correlation coefficient r=0.5775) and rapid available phosphorus(the correlationcoefficient r=0.0.4398) in soil. There are significant positive relationship between Vitamin C in fruit andrapid available phosphorus (the correlation coefficient r=0.4456),rapid available potassium(thecorrelation coefficient r=0.4848) and organic matter(the correlation coefficient r=0.3404). There aresignificant positive relationship between organic acid and total nitrogen(the correlation coefficientr=0.6014)and available nitrogen(the correlation coefficient r=0.6680).However, there are significantnegative relationships between organic acid and rapid available potassium(the correlation coefficient r=0.4642) and salt(the correlation coefficient r=0.3440).6. The soil nutrition correlates with the nutrition of the fruit. In regression equation for therelationship, set the content of total nitrogen in soil as X1, available nitrogen in soil as X2, total phosphorusin soil as X3, rapid phosphorus in soil as X4, total potassium in soil as X5, rapid available potassium in soilas X6,organic matter in soil as X7, salt in soil as X8, the pH value of soil as X9; set the soluble glucose infruit as Y1, soluble protein in fruit as Y2, Vitamin C in fruit as Y3, organic acid in fruit as Y4. According tothe stepwise multiple regression by the DPS statistic data software, the best regression equation is asfollows;Y1=31.6166-112.433X1+0.0941X2-31.9709X3+0.2945X4+1.6491X5-0.0360X6+0.3520X7-2.3111X8Y2=-8.0029+24.4367X1+0.0877X2-12.9868X3+0.0243X4+2.4145X5+0.0971X6-0.2102X7-0.5265X8Y3=191.6444-146.4951X1-183.3775X3+0.7169X4+10.6287X5-1.1649X6+2.3411X7-4.4330X8Y4=-0.5181+2.4785X1-0.0027X2+1.8436X3-0.0024X6+0.0041X7+0.0052X8In summary, The fertilization ratio recommended of jujube in germination period,T2: N+P2O5+K2O(19.2kg/667m2+19.2kg/667m2+11.6kg/667m2)； The fertilization ratio recommended ofjujube in efflorescence, T6: N+P2O5+K2O (8kg/667m2+12kg/667m2+10kg/667m2)；The fertilization ratiorecommended of jujube in fruiting period, T11:N+P2O5+K2O(8.9kg/667m2+8.9kg/667m2+22.2kg/667m2).