Research On Reproductive Characteristics Of Wild European Plum In Nature

In order to understand and grasp the reproductive characteristics of wild European plum in the naturalenvironment, study on the related characteristics about sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction ofwild European plum in2012and2013. Including the branch, pollen, pollination and fertilization, seedcharacteristics, root shoot distribution of content, discusses the mode of reproduction and the laws under itsnatural condition. The main results are as following:1. The bearing branch of wild European plum mainly bore on the short branch and medium branch,followed by clustered branches and long branches, leggy branches are least. The bearing branchs aremainly formed in the plant. Flower clusters of fruit branches, formed mainly in50to100cm, short branchand medium branch formation in the main branch, long branches and spindling of branches formed mainlyin50to100cm.2. The wild Europe plum in Resources nursery shank length and diameter is greater than Boersai andYiligedai, size of calyx, corolla, ovary size were significantly less than Boersai and Yiligedai. The numberof the European plum stamens and pistil in Resources nursery are similar with Yiligedai, but all less thanthe Boersai. A single flower has24to28anthers, different period s of single anther volume from more toless is: beginning to open period, has opened a period, the big bud stage, the stage of young bud. Compare7per plants for pollen counts of single anther No.1and No.5significantly higher than other5plants. WildEuropean plum pollen counts compared with other varieties of plum, it similar with Aoli14and Zili, lessthan Pingdingxiang, Misili,Zaoshengyueguang.Wild European plum pollen is long spherical in equatorial view, three lobed circular in polar view,actinomorphic, pollen grain ultra smooth, spindlelike. Pollen grain germination ditch is slender and long tonear the two levels. Pollen polar axis length in the range of26.30to28.68μm, the average length of27.52μm, pollen equator axis length in the range of10.28to14.55μm, mean12.69μm, P/E is in the range of1.99to2.60, with an average value of2.22. Wild European plum pollen is belong to medium pollen,overlength sphere. The exine ornamentation was stripes or corrugated, perforation and holes, there aredifferences between each plants.3. Cross pollinated and self pollinated fruit setting rate were11.95%and9.92%; natural pollination onfruit set rate of8.46%. Under natural conditions, resources garden of No.1and No.3fruit set rate isrelatively high, the fruit set rate of Boersai and Yiligedai is low. Natural pollination and cross pollinationcan be observed in pollen germination and pollen tube growth in stigma.2h after pollination can beobserved in pollen germination, first days in the style of shallow germination, second days to germinationto1/4of the style, third days to germination to1/2of the style, fifth days can arrive at base of style. 4. The wild European plum seed was oval, seed nuclear surface was not smooth and rough. A rate was8.77%, the average of1000grain weight was524.35g, seeds moisture content were31.89%, wet seed life isup to85%, dry seeds of life is up to77.5%.The wild European plum seed-case and seed coat on seed germination were very strong barrier. Afterremove the seed-case, germination rate increased. Removal of the seed coat can immediately break seeddormancy.The wild European plum seed water absorption is showing rapid upward trend in24h, after3days,rising slowly, saturated with7d. Dry seed absorbent is higher than wet seeds. Different treatment for dryabsorbent seed in turn from high to order is: the thorn seed coat, complete with the seed coat, with theseed-case; wet seed water absorption of different treatments were in sequence from high to low is: thecomplete seed testa, the thorn seed coat, with the seed-case. Seed-case and seed coat has stronger hinderseed suction effect.Wild European plum’s germination inhibitor for water soluble substances, widely exists in the embryo,in small amounts in the seed coat. Germination germination inhibitor has no effect on the seed germinationrate, mainly inhibited radicle growth, and the influence degree increased with increasing concentration.Germination inhibitor of laminated negtively related to the laminated days.Low temperature laminated wild European plum seed in sand, in80d after the treatment, seeds beganto germination gradually, germination rate was increased along with the increase, for200days, thegermination rate reached10.67%.5. The root suckers of Wild European plum for different distribution have overall difference, there arecertain differences in the amount. The growth ability of root suckers for wild European plum are relativelystrong, the number of root suckers is more, and has wide area. All levels of root suckers were wildlydistributed, but the number of relatively has large differences. Root suckers for the largest number is II,followed by I and III. The number of root suckers was large, but can grow for young trees was very less.There was a positive correlation between the number, distribution of adult plants for Wild European plumand the number, distribution of root suckers: the more the adult tree has, the more root suckers it has; thegreater the adult tree density, the root sucker density is greaster.