Idenitfication And Evaluation Of Resistance In Rice Vaireties To Rice Blast And False Smut Disease

Rice blast and false smut are two important diseases of rice, which affect the quality and yield ofrice. The direct damage caused by the two diseases brings a serious loss on rice production every year.With the cultivation and application of hybrid rice, the occurrence trend of the two diseases becomesmore and more fierce and the economic losses have increased year by year. The work that how to usethe limited land to produce more food and to meet the basic needs of human beings must be payattention to and study. Further research on the cultivation and management of rice and pest control hasbeen conducted for years. The resistance of rice cultivars is easily lost due to the high genetic variabilityof physiological races of rice blast and false smut. The traditional genetic breeding has made a greatcontribution to improve the resistance of rice varieties, but there are still some limitations that unable tosolve the problems effectively.To a certain extent, the field resistance test of rice varieties can overcomethe limitations of traditional genetic breeding in rice disease resistance.The whole grain acreage of Jinzhai County is up to339,000ha, and the rice planting area is morethan303,000ha. Jinzhai County is located in the Dabie Mountain, and the small-scale climate of amplerainfall makes the rice here more susceptible to be infected by rice blast and false smut, so breeding ricevarieties that resistant to rice blast and false smut has very important significance to the grain safety andthe stable supply in Jinzhai County. The experiment was conducted in Heaven Village of Jinzhai Countywhere is more susceptible to rice blast and false smut. The evaluation of rice resistance to rice blastand false smut was studied by inducing in natural conditions. The damage level of the infection of riceblast and false smut was investigated in different growing periods. The most susceptible growth stagewas identified by calculating its comprehensive resistance indexes and the rice resistance to rice blastand false smut was evaluated. According to the local environment conditions, the rice varieties ofdouble antibody or monoclonal antibodies, high yield, and resistant to rice blast and false smut wereselected, which provides advices and references to the local rice diseases prevention and control.The resistance of6102rice cultivars across the country (including840indica rice varieties) to riceblast and false smut was evaluated at natural nurseries. Through three years of trials,7rice varietiesincluding Fengbao1078, Gangyou364, Teyou627, Fuyou155were selected, which were suitable forlarge area cultivation in Jinzhai County. The results of evaluation of variety resistance to rice blastshowed that there was a significant difference among the different varieties, with1showed highresistant,466showed resistant,285showed susceptiblet. The results of evaluation of variety resistanceto false smut showed that there was no significant difference in resistant level among the differentvarieties, with243showed high resistant,96showed resistant,5showed susceptible.