The Study Of Four Aromatic Plants’ Cutting、Growing And Quality In Aroponics

ObjectiveTo study the four kinds of aromatic plants(Melissa officinalis L.、 Plectranthus hadiensis var. tomentosus (Benth. ex E. Mey.) Codd、Pogostemon cablin(Blanco) Benth.、Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt.) cultivation of cuttings on the basis of aeroponic, to explore the impact of two kind of cultivation methods (aerosol cultivated and soil cultivated) on the growth and quality of Melissa officinalis L. and Plectranthus hadiensis var. tomentosus (Benth. ex E. Mey.) Codd, and to observe the influences from different kind of nutrient solutions of Plectranthus hadiensis var. tomentosus (Benth. ex E.Mey.). To Provide a new direction for the GAP cultivation of medicinal plants.Methods1 Independent aeroponic facilities were built. Garden-style nutrient solutions were used to observe the cuttings propagation (Days rooting, rooting rate, average root number, average root length)of four kinds of aromatic plants within a month. And affection of leaf number of cuttings、length of cuttings on rooting were observed (rooting rate, average root number, average root length).2 Independent aeroponic facilities were built. Garden-style nutrient solutions were used to compare the growth condition(height、root length、 plant weight)、nutrients (Vc、free amino acids、soluble sugar、soluble protein、 nitrate) and medicinal ingredients(Total flavonoids) of Melissa officinalis L. and Plectranthus hadiensis var. tomentosus (Benth. ex E. Mey.) Codd in aeroponics with which were grown in soil in 60 days.3 Independent aeroponic facilities were built. Garden-style nutrient solutions and organic liquid fertilizer were used to compare the growth (height、root length、plant weight)、nutrients(Vc、free amino acids、soluble sugar、soluble protein nitrate) and medicinal ingredients (Total flavonoids) of Plectranthus hadiensis var. tomentosus (Benth. ex E. Mey.) CoddResults1 Four kinds of spice plants cuttings survived in aeroponic conditions. Cuttings without leaves did not take root, leaf number had no significant effect on rooting rate, however, the average number and average root length of root cuttings with 2 leaves were higher than with a leaf cuttings. Inspite that cutting length of Melissa officinalis L. had no effect on rooting rate,3 nodes cuttings had better rooting than cuttings with 2 nodes.2 Growth and active components accumulation in aeroponics had a greater advantage of soil cultivation. (1)After 60d’s growth, height% root length、 plant weight of Melissa officinalis L. grown in aeroponics had an increase of 28.8%、58.9%、146.7% on those in soil cultivation, height root length、 plant weight of Plectranthus hadiensis var. tomentosus (Benth. ex E. Mey.) Codd. grown in aeroponics had an increase of 14.4%、58.6%、103.6% on those in soil cultivation. Vc、free soluble sugar^ soluble protein content of Melissa officinalis L. (MO) grown in aeroponics had an increase of 13.6%、42.9%、51.3% on those in soil cultivation. Those content of Plectranthus hadiensis var. tomentosus (Benth. ex E. Mey.) Codd. (PC) have an increase of 28.9%、42.9%、 20.4%. Free amino acids contents of MO and PC grown in soil cultivation had an increase of 16.0%、44.9% on those in aeroponics. Nitrate contents of MO and PC grown in aeroponics were 3.77 times and 3.58 times of those in soil cultivation. Total flavonoids contents of MO and PC grown in soil cultivation had an increase of 186.4% and 277.5% on those in aeroponics. Anti-oxydation ability of MO and PC grown in soil cultivation had no significant difference with those in aeroponics. (3)Citral content of MO grown in soil cultivation was 1.44 times of which in aeroponics.3 Garden-style nutrient solutions were conducive to growth and biomass accumulation, while organic liquid fertilizer did good to active components accumulation. (1)Height、root length、plant weight of PC grown in garden-style nutrient solutions were 1.26times、1.71 times、1.47 times of those in organic liquid fertilizer. Vc、soluble sugar、free amino acids、soluble protein content grown in organic liquid fertilizer had an increase of 28.5%、70.3%、273.8%、 32.0% on those in garden-style nutrient solutions. Nitrate content grown in organic liquid fertilizer had a decrease of 168.2% on which in garden-style nutrient solutions. Total flavonoids contents of PC grown in organic liquid fertilizer were 2.29 times of those in garden-style nutrient solutions. Anti-oxydation ability of PC grown in garden-style nutrient solutions had no significant difference with those in organic liquid fertilizer.Conclusion1 Four kinds of aromatic plants cuttings survived in aeroponic conditions. Leaf number and length of cuttings have a great affection on rooting. Within a certain range, more leaves, better rooting;And within a certain range, more nodes,better rooting.2 Aeroponics can improve the speed of growth in 1.4-5.2 times compared with soil cultivation,with some nutrients content increased.3 Garden-style nutrient solutions were conducive to growth, while organic liquid fertilizer do good to active components accumulation.