| Vegetables are necessary foods in people’s daily life and important sources for vitamins, mineral substance, carbohydrate, fiber and other microelements people ingest. As people’s living standards improve continuously, they not only require that vegetables be supplied sufficiently in each season but also be with higher quality. Conservatory big shed are applied to grow vegetables to meet both supply and quality requirements with significant economic benefits. Vegetable yield at unit area in conservatory big shed is one or two times of that in common land with net income increased by three times. In recent years, China has been making effort to promote construction of conservatory big shed which have gradually replaced the traditional agricultural greenhouses. Over several tens of years of development, China has achieved a lot in facility agriculture. To 2010, the total area of conservatory big shed mainly producing vegetables ranked the first in the world.The facility agriculture has been improving in its production scale and has been industrialized. However, mechanized production doesn’t popularize and micro-machines are urgently needed for conservatory big shed and other facilities. Mechanized production can not only reduce farmers’ working strength at work but also ensure working quality and efficiency, in the meantime to greatly reduce production costs. As an important link of the industry inside the shed, tillage and soil preparation are under low level of mechanized farming and great working strength. The labor costs for tillage and soil preparation at each shed (an area of 700 m2) exceed 500 yuan which indirectly increase the production costs of vegetables. Therefore, it is extremely urgent to research machines for tillage and soil preparation.The current soil preparation machines are turnplow, rotary cultivator, disc harrow, tooth harrow and others. These machines are in huge volume and can only operate under the traction of tractor, with difficulties to operate in narrow environment inside the conservatory big shed. The soil preparation machine used in the conservatory big shed currently is self-propelled rotary cultivator with small volume, high flexibility and sound pulverizing effect. It is broadly applied domestically.This paper designs a multi-function self-propelled rotary cultivator with small volume, light weight and good throughput capability. This machine adopts full gear reducer with front and back gears shifting. It also designs an auxiliary steering equipment of differential mechanism. It can not only make the machine turn easily at corners, but also make the left and right output shafts operate at different rotate speeds when it operates on grounds with different roughnesses, to greatly reduce wearing of machines. This paper also designs a simple clutch with simple structure and small volume suitable for micro-machines.In order to be more environment-friendly inside the conservatory big shed, there are two design schemes for choice of mini-tiller’s power system:the motor and small-sized gasoline engine as the power system. Wherein, the motor used as power system produces no pollution and the gasoline engine produces slight pollution. At the initial stage of design, this machine adopts motor as power system, however, the motor is with poor resistance to shock. After the test, the motor can’t support the machine to operate for a long time and effectively and the small-sized gasoline engine is adopted as power system finally.The soil hardening is serious inside the conservatory big shed currently and the common rotary blade can’t be used to thoroughly till and prepare the soil. This paper designs a rotary blade with two dismountable and replaceable rotary blades:the common rotary blade and deep tillage blade. The deep tillage blade can break plow pan to solve soil hardening. |
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