Research On Energy-saving Technology Of Down-cut Deep-rotary-tillage Rotary Tiller

Rotary tiller is a widely used land preparation machine.At present,rotary tillage operations generally have problems such as shallow tillage depth(8～15cm),poor effect of mixed burying of straw(low straw coverage,low depth of mixed burying of straw),and high power consumption.The existing method of simply increasing the radius of rotation of the rotary tiller results in a huge structure and unstable performance of the rotary tiller.Due to the lack of in-depth research on the interaction law of the soil,straw and rotary tiller components for deep-rotating operations,the design of deep-rotating machinery lacks theoretical basis.Therefore,this paper takes soil-straw-rotary tillage components as the research object,establishes a discrete element simulation model of soil-straw-rotary tillage components,simulates and analyzes the operation process of forward rotation and deep rotation,and studies the depth of different factors.The influence of power consumption and operation effect of rotary operation has clarified the interaction law of soil,straw and rotary tillage components in forward rotary deep rotary operation.The simulation model has been verified through field experiments,which is the design and optimization of energy-saving operation tools for deep rotary operation,provide research ideas and research methods.The main research work is as follows:1.Using the method of combining literature review and field investigation,the key research content and main research methods are determined.The research progress on energy-saving technology of forward rotation and deep rotation is described,and the main factors affecting the power consumption and performance of forward rotation and deep rotation are obtained-the shape of the rotary tiller,the structural parameters,the arrangement of the rotary tiller,and the operation of the machine.Parameters,etc.,the interaction law of deep-rotation operation soil,straw and rotating tillage components is the research focus.2.Using the EDEM simulation platform,combined with the characteristics of soil and straw,a complete discrete element model of the rotary tillage component-soil-straw was established to study the interaction law of the soil,straw and rotary tillage components in the forward rotation and deep rotation operation.Under the conditions of a tillage depth of 20 cm,a cutter shaft speed of 240 r/min,and an operating speed of 2 km/h,simulation experiments are carried out to study the effects of different gyration radii,working widths,and bending angles of tangent planes on power consumption and operation of a single rotary cutter.Influence of performance,the final selection of the rotary tiller structure parameters is 195mm-50mm-55mm-45°-125°(radius of gyration-working width-tangent surface end face height-the angle between the end radius of the side cutting edge and the bending line-tangent surface Bending angle),the optimized rotary tiller blade reduces the power consumption by 55% compared with the traditional rotary tiller blade with increasing radius of gyration;the optimized rotary tiller blade is used to test the same cutting surface with different number of cutters and cutting surface spacing.It is determined that each plane is equipped with 4 knives with a spacing of 70mm;the operating parameters of the whole machine(operating speed,rotational speed of the tool shaft,and the angle between the blades of adjacent cutting surfaces)are analyzed.Under the premise of meeting the requirements of the operation,the selected speed is 300r/min,the operating speed is 2km/h,and the blade angle between adjacent cutting surfaces is 50°.The optimized forward-rotating deep-rotating energy-saving rotary cultivator was compared with the traditional rotary cultivator with increased turning radius.The results showed that the power consumption of the optimized design of the deep rotary cultivator was 46.68 k W,which was 21.1%lower than the traditional rotary cultivator.The crushed soil rate was 96.37%,which was an increase of4.3%,the straw coverage rate was 95.81%,which was an increase of 11.9%,and the straw coverage depth was 11.3cm,which was an increase of 29.9%.In terms of soil tillage mixing,the optimized rotary tiller has a better performance in the vertical displacement of the soil tillage layer,and at the same time,reduces the vertical displacement of the soil.3.The simulation model was validated by the method of field experiment.The test results show that when the operating speed is 2 km/h and the rotation speed is 300 r/min,the power consumption of the optimized deep-rotating machine is 50.83 k W,which is 12.2 lower than the traditional rotary tiller that increases the rotary tiller radius and increases the tillage depth.%,the soil crushing rate was 93.4%,an increase of 9.5%,the straw coverage rate was 92.3%,an increase of 14.5%;in terms of soil displacement of the cultivated layer,the optimized deep-rotating machine increased the vertical displacement by an average of 165.25%,and the vertical displacement In terms of the vertical distribution of straw in the cultivated layer,the optimized rotary tiller has a ratio of 0～5cm straw to 8.6%,while that of the traditional rotary tiller is 17.2%.In the range of 10～25cm,the average increase is 17%.%.Through simulation test and field test results comparison.The errors of power consumption,soil fragmentation rate,and straw coverage rate were 8.2%,3.5%,and 4.2%,respectively.The average vertical displacement error of soil was 15.2%,the vertical displacement error was 16.9%,and the average vertical distribution error of straw was 15.7%.The correctness of the simulation model is verified.