Genetic Analysis Of Traits Related To Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency And Fruit Color Under Calyx In Eggplant

Fruit color and shape are important appearance quality traits of eggplant acting as an major vegetable crop. It is a effective way of acquiring high yield with low input of nitrogen fertilizer to breed varieties with high nitrogen efficiency. Molecular marker-assisted breeding can shorten breeding cycle, improve breeding efficiency and avoid blindness of breeding to a certain extent. Therefore, to ascertain the genetic law of fruit color fruit shape and nitrogen efficiency in eggplant is necessary to breed new varieties with good quality, high yield and efficient utilization.Taking high nitrogen efficiency and high quality as a breakthrough point and having609( moderate nitrogen efficiency at high nitrogen level and high nitrogen efficiency at low nitrogen level, round eggplant, fruit calyx color light purple, dark red skin) and 749(high nitrogen efficiency at high nitrogen level and high nitrogen efficiency at low nitrogen level,, bubble eggplant, fruit calyx color is green, the skin is purple black) as the testing material, the experiment made research on genetic regularities of fruit calyx color, fruit shape index and traits related to nitrogen efficiency in eggplant, and genotyping F2 population derived from 609 and 749 based on SSRs and Indels. The results are as follows:1. The correlation between eggplant fruit calyx color and fruit coloring ability under weak light was identified. The genetic model analysis indicated that the heredity of fruit color under calyx was accorded with two additive-dominant-epistatic major genes+additive-dominant-epistatic polygene model, with a high heritability of 97.55% in the F2 population. And fruit shape index was significantly correlated with the fruit color under calyx.2. Thirty-six polymorphic molecular markers between inbred lines 609 and 749 were obtained by screening with 900 SSR and 19 Indel molecular markers, with polymorphic rate of 3.9%. This would provide a certain number of polymorphic molecular markers for eggplant. The SSR marker E06-5 was significantly correlated with the fruit color under calyx, which was located at 18.0 c M of linkage group No.6 constructed by NIVTS.3. The genetic model analysis indicated that the heredity of Nitrogen use efficiency was accorded with two codominance-epistatic major gene +additive-dominant polygene model, with major gene heritability of 70.16% and poly gene heritability of 14.69% in the F2 population.4. The average fruit weight was significantly correlated with nitrogen efficiency. Theplant height and stem diameter were very significantly correlated with the nitrogen efficiency. The genetic model analysis indicated that the plant height and stem diameter were both accorded with equal additive major gene +additive-dominant polygene model.The major gene and poly gene heritability of the plant height were 52.3% and 0 in the F2 population, respectively. The major gene and poly gene heritability of the stem diameter were 77.75% and 0 in the F2 population, respectively.