Evaluation On Comprehensive Characters Of New Breeding Apple Varieties ‘ruiyang’& ‘ruixue’

‘Ruiyang’ and ‘Ruixue’ are new apple hybrid varieties created by Northwest A&F University. In this study, their overall cultivation characteristics including fruit economic traits, main agronomic traits and stress resistance were surveyed and evaluated comparing with common cultivars at Baishui apple experimental station in 2014 to guide cultivation and promotion. Main results are as follows:1. ‘Ruiyang’ is a red late-maturing variety selected from a controlled cross of seed parent ‘Qinguan’ and pollen parent ‘Fuji’. The variety exhibited the following characteristics:(a) the tree vigor is moderate. It is easy initiation of floral bud and precocious fruit bearing with high yield reaching 321.67 kilograms per hectare in the fourth years, which is similar to ‘Qinguan’ and obviously higher than ‘Fuji’;(b) strong disease resistance closing to ‘Qinguan’, especially the early defoliation disease;(c) large fruit with bright red color, crisp and juicy texture, rich flavor and good storability, in a word,the fruit comprehensive characteristic is more better than ‘Qinguan’;(d) easy to cultivate similar to ‘Qinguan’, and common cultivars can be used for its pollination.2. ‘Ruixue’ is a yellow late-maturing variety elected from hybrids of ‘Qinfu 1’ and ‘Pink Lady’. Main characteristics are as follows:(a) short branch with short internode and compact canopy. It exhibits a vigorous growth habit and productively set fruit with high yield reaching 246.55 kilograms per hectare in the fourth year;(b) obviously better appearance quality with lager and high pile fruit and clean surface compared to ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Orin’;(c) good quality with fine flesh, hard and crisp texture and special fragrance;(d) shows good storability with up to five months under room-temperature.3.In terms of the stress resistance, ‘Ruiyang’ and ‘Qinguan’ are highly resistant to apple brown spot, while ‘Fuji’ is susceptible through leaf inoculation in vitro; ‘Ruixue’ has higher resistance to powdery than other tested varieties through field survey; In addition, using the method of detecting electrical conductivity for seven cultivars to compair the cold resistance, suggested that ‘Ruiyang’ and ‘Ruixue’ show lower resistance than “Qinguan”and ‘Orin’, but higher than “Fuji”, “Golden Delicious” and ‘Pink Lady’. In conclusion, ‘Ruiyang’ and ‘Ruixue’ have higher resistance to stress.