Isolation Of Microsatellite And Population Genetics Of Sable(Martes Zibellina)

Sable(Martes zibellina),a valuable fur animal, was widely spread. As a result of long-term poaching and habitat fragmentation,considerable fluctuations in the size of natural populations can be seen.Sable was protected as an endangered speciese in China. The number of animals involved in the illegal case was the key to measurement of penalty.Microsatellite technology has been widely used in genetic mapping, population genetics research, and related individuals identification because of its characters of fast mutation rate and high polymorphism.In this study,33pairs of primers which were reported in the literatures about sable related species,the Stone marten(Martes foina),American marten(Martes americana),and American mink(Mustela vison) were used to amplified sable genomic DNA by PCR,then obtained the allelotype by capillary electrophoresis, sequenced each cloned allele,eventually we got12effective microsatellite loci (Mfl.11, Mf1.18, Mf2.13, Mf3.7, Mf4.10, Mf8.7, Mf8.8, Ma1, Ma2, Ma15, Mvi1354, Mvi2243).99sable individuals (48were from Far East of Russian,20were from the Urals region of Russia,31were from Xiaoxing’an mountains of China) were researched about poputation genetics using the12microsatellite loci.The results showed that the number of observed alleles is5to17,the mean number of alleles is9.83among the12loci. Mf8.8,Mal,Mf4.10,Mvi2243and Mvi354were highly polymorphism and observed above10alleles,Mf3.7and Ma15were the lowest polymorphism and observed only7and5alleles.The polymorphism information content (PIC) of12loci is0.314to0.890. All polymorphic loci are highly polymorphic (PIC≥0.5) or moderate polymorphism (0.25≤PIC≤0.5). Genepop calculations shows that there are7loci named Mf2.13、Mf3.7、Ma2、 Mvi354、Mf4.10、Ma15and Mvi2243are in line with Hardy-Weiberg balance.The joint probability of identity for12loci shows a high distinguish ability,in case of twins,the misjudged rate P(sib) is only0.00002085. A batch sable samples from Yichun City Public Security Bureau were individual identified using the12loci,the result shows that all these samples belonged to16sable individuals.We calculate the coefficient of genetic differentiation Fst, gene flow Nm, genetic distance Da of3geographical populations, the NJ phylogenesis tree of3geographical poputations and individuals were constructed based on Da.The results showed that the genetic differentiation Fst were highly significant (Fst=0.0443-0.1643), gene flow Nm were1.2716-5.3933, genetic distance were far between each geographical populations pairs, the genetic distance between Far East of Russia and the other two populations were farest.