Effects Of Bio-compound Fertilizer On Fruit Quality Of Kiwifruit And Soil Micro-ecology

Bio-compound fertilizer is a new kind of fertilizer that raises in recent years, which is acombination of long effectiveness of organic fertilizer, high efficiency of inorganic fertilizerand unique physiological regulating function of microbial fertilizer. Applying bio-compoundfertilizer could improve soil fertility, modulate soil microenvironment and play an adjust rolein crop growing process. The field experiment was conducted to study the fertilizer efficiencyof bio-compound fertilizer on kiwifruit in the circumstances of comparing with equal nitrogentraditional organic fertilizer and equal nutrient chemical fertilizer. By determining soilnutrient contents, enzyme activity, microbial biomass, microbial community functional andstructural diversity, and fruit quality and yield of kiwifruit, to evaluate the effects of bio-compound fertilizer on fruit quality of kiwifruit and soil micro-ecology. The main resultswere described as follows:1. Effects of bio-compound fertilizer on soil enzyme activitySoil enzyme activities in all fertilizer treatment were increased at different degree,compared with no fertilizer treatment. Soil invertase activity, urease activity, acidphosphatase and FDA hydrolase showed the same trend during the whole growing season thatbio-compound fertilizer treatment> traditional organic fertilizer treatment> chemicalfertilizer treatment> no fertilizer treatment, while soil catalase activity presented thattraditional organic fertilizer treatment> bio-compound fertilizer treatment> chemicalfertilizer treatment> no fertilizer treatment.2. Effects of bio-compound fertilizer on soil microbial biomassWith the growth season of kiwifruit was extended, there was an upward trend inmicrobial biomass N of all fertilizer treatments. However, microbial biomass C and P showedan upward trend in bio-compound fertilizer treatment and traditional organic fertilizertreatment, and chemical fertilizer treatment and no fertilizer treatment offered upgrade firstlythan descending latter tendency. For the four growth seasons, microbial biomass C, N and Pwere all shown that bio-compound fertilizer treatment> traditional organic fertilizertreatment> chemical fertilizer treatment> no fertilizer treatment.3. Effects of bio-compound fertilizer on soil microbial functional and structural diversity Biolog results showed that bio-compound fertilizer treatment had the highest soilmicrobial activity (AWCD) and community diversity indices, closely followed by traditionalorganic fertilizer treatment and chemical fertilizer treatment, which was all higher than nofertilizer treatment. Relative utilization value of six kinds of carbon sources analysis showedthat carbon source utilization patterns changed with fertilizer treatments. In all fertilizertreatments, it tended less conducive to using carbohydrate, amino acids and carboxylic acidsand more conducive to using polyepoxy compounds, polyphenols and polyamines. Theprincipal component analyses showed that there were significant effects on carbonutilizations of soil microbial community by fertilizer treatments. The positions of differenttreatments were clearly distinguished on the first two canonical axes. Carbohydrate, aminoacids and carboxylic acids were probably the main carbon sources affecting soil microbialcommunity.DGGE analysis indicated that structural diversities of bacterial and fungal communitywere all increased first and then decreased with the growth season of kiwifruit extended.Compared with the treatment without fertilizer, all fertilizer treatments were increased soilmicrobial community diversity in varying degree, and bio-compound fertilizer treatment wasmost obvious.4. Effects of bio-compound fertilizer on fruit quality and yield of kiwifruitAll fertilizer treatments could improved per fruit weight and yield of kiwifruitsignificantly (P <0.05), and no significant difference in yield of kiwifruit was found amongfertilizer treatments. Compared with the treatment without fertilizer, bio-compound fertilizertreatment could significantly increased soluble solid, total sugar and vitamin C contents, anddecreased total acid content. Traditional organic fertilizer treatment could also increasedsoluble solid and total sugar contents，but the effect was inferior to bio-compound fertilizertreatment. And soluble protein content was highest in traditional organic fertilizer treatment.Chemical fertilizer treatment increased soluble solid and total sugar contents, and the effectwas between bio-compound fertilizer treatment and traditional organic fertilizer treatment.For both yield and quality of kiwifruit, bio-compound fertilizer was the best.