Genetic Diversity Of Broomcorn Millet From Different Ecotype Zone In China Based On SSR

Broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) was one of the oldest cultivated crops in the world, recentl-y it was discovered where planted on Chinese north in the early ten thousand years. Millet was one of the most important crops in arid and semi-arid regions, it had some characteristics that strong resistance and barren. In addition, broomcorn millet was widespread where all over the various provinces in china. Th-e northern of china was the main of production area. In this study, we used the15pairs of SSR primers to80samples which different ecotype varieties from the main of Millet varieties producing region about16provinces in china, then researched the geographical distribution and genetic diversity about10agrono-mic traits for80materials. Analyzed correlation and principal component for10agronomic traits.Several studied were carried out as follows:1. We analyzed the genetic diversity to68millet landraces and12local races at12microsatellite DNA loci. The detected a total of59alleles, ever microsatellite loci had3.9alleles, the polymorphic infor-mation value (PIC) was0.6725.Giving a mean number of1.2006per locus Shannon-wiener genetic diversi-ty index.2. In this study, we analyzed population structure and drew cluster graph used by NTSYS-pc2.11soft-ware,it could classify the16provinces of our country80different ecotype millet varieties into6groups. T-he first group included21varieties the main source for the eastern part of the Loess Plateau, including parts of North Central Shanxi, northern Shaanxi, central and southern Inner Mongolia and Ningxia Gansu. The second group was composed of22species, which is mainly from the Western Loess Plateau and Inner Mongolia plateau, including most areas of West Inner Mongolia, northwest of Shanxi, Gansu and Ningxia. The third group was composed of3varieties, the main source for China’s southernmost tropical northern margin, including southern Guangdong and Hainan province. The fourth group was composed of5varietie-s, the main source for the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and the northwest region, including Xinjiang and Qinghai. The fifth group was composed of17species, which is mainly from the North China Plain, includeing Heb-ei, Shandong, Henan etc. The sixth group was composed of12species, which is mainly from the Northeas-t Plain of China, including Heilongjiang, Jilin Liaoning and Hebei region of northern Fengning. Individual species present special conditions, such as the Xinjiang No.302varieties were divided in sixth groups.3. The analysis of the genetic structure of populations of80millet varieties in China from different regions by STRUCTURE2.0313.Through the analysis of the80varieties were divided into four formations. The first group mainly comes from the Inner Mongolia plateau and the Loess Plateau including the mount-ain of Shaanxi, Ningxia, Gansu, Inner Mongolia. The second group was mainly from the northwest inland region, including Xinjiang and Qinghai. The third group was from the Northeast China Plain area of China, including Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning. The fourth group was mainly from the North China Plain area of China, including Shandong and Hebei.4. According to the analysis of genetic diversity among populations, the first group was the largest and the most genetic diversity. The second group and fourth group diversity were highly similar. Through the analysis of similar coefficient and genetic distance, the largest genetic distance between the first group and the third, indicating that these two groups were the farthest, the first group and the second group were highly similar.