Breeding The Base Material Of R Groupand Small Fragment In Hybrids Between Wheat-rye Substitution Lines And Translocation Lines

Rye（Secale cereale）, the relative species of Triticum aestivum, has a variety ofexcellent characters, such as improved wheat yield, quality, resistance and adaptability.As an important exogenous gene donor, Rye could enrich wheat genetic resources,and promote the cultivation of new varieties of wheat.In this study, morphological and cytological observation, SSR analysis and GISHdetection were used for breeding the base materials that has the small fragments of Rgroup and the economic value by detecting and analysing20lines of hybrid off springfrom the wheat-rye substitution lines5R/5A and1R/1B,6R/6A and1R/1B,6R/6A andKezhen.Morphological and cytological results showed that20strains grow regular in fieldand with normal fertility, having big spike, more spikelets, and resistance to powderymildew, leaf rust disease and other good characters. The observation results of20linesroot tip chromosome showed that most cells have42chromosomes, and chromosomeconfigurations of all were2n=21Ⅱ in meiosis observation of20lines, which mean20strains had a good genetic stability.The results of SSR analysis and GISH test showed that Rye specific primerpSC119.1were amplified rye specific bands in20strains which contained rye Rgenome chromosome fragments. The use of rye specific SSR primer for analysing eachstrains, the results showed that115bp specific fragment of1RS could be amplified inlines of1-25,1-26,1-27,1-28,1-29,1-30,1-31,1-32,2-4,2-5,2-6and2-7by primerTSM604-1RS.140bp specific fragment of6RL could be amplified in lines of1-25,1-26,1-27,1-28,1-29,1-30,1-31,1-32,2-12,2-13,2-14,2-15and2-16by primerSCM180-6RL.127bp specific fragment of5RL could be amplified in lines of2-4,2-5,2-6,2-7,2-8and2-9by primer SCM120-5RL.150bp specific fragment of7R could beamplified in lines of2-12,2-13,2-15,2-16and2-17by primer CGG26-7R, whichpreliminary determined20lines contained genetic element of rye. Further testing byGISH found the rye hybridization signals in1-25,1-26,1-27,1-28,1-29,1-30,1-31,2-4,2-6,2-7,2-8,2-9,2-12,2-13,2-14,2-15,2-16,2-17. These results provided thematerial foundation for wheat genetic breeding and quality improvement.