| Cassava is an important processing, fodder and food crop, which is playing an important role in national economy. Currently, one of most significant research interests is evaluation, utilization and innovative of germplasm resources. The present study investigated the biological characteristics of31kinds of cassava germplasm, measured nutrients and mineral elements contents in the flesh and whole cassava and also evaluated the taste of different germplasm flesh of the cassava in the winter (growing390days) and spring (growing470days) harvests, respectively. Based on the above work, the correlation of quantitative traits of agronomic, nutrients contents, mineral elements contents, and flesh taste evaluation was established. Finally, the content distribution of nutrients and mineral elements was revealed, and the better integrated traits or dedicated germplasm were proposed, so as to provide a reference for a staple of cassava. The results are as follows:1) Biological characteristics:The Cassava height is213.3-373.2cm; Main stem diameter is2.2-3.8cm; Lobed leaf number is primarily seven and nine lobed leaves; The length of intermediate split leaf is9.7-30.6cm; The length of Petiole is15.7-41.1cm; The degree of protrusion of leaf scar is0.70-1.30cm; The flesh color is mainlv white; The cortex thickness is1.63-3.06mm. Plant quality is1.45-5.50kg/plant in average.2) Referring to the related researches, it is found that the DMC and SC in the flesh are0.8-3.9and0.7-1.3times higher than that in sweet potato,1.7-3.7and1.7-4.0times higher than that in potato; while the contents of Vitamin C and soluble sugar in the flesh are1.1-32.1and0.4-38.8times higher than that in sweet potato; The contents of Vitamin C, crude protein, and soluble sugar in the flesh are comparable with sweet potato. The content of Ca in flesh is0.4-16.7and9.4-180.7times higher than that in brown rice and potato; while the contents of Mg and Fe in flesh are1.3-7.6and2.3-15.8times higher than that in sweet potato, respectively. The contents of Fe and Zn in the flesh are comparable with wheat. Consequently, the flesh nutrition is better than or can match with the sweet potato and potato, some of the mineral nutrition value is better or comparable with brown rice, wheat, sweet potato, and potato.3) The contents of dry matter and crude starch in flesh are higher than that in the whole cassava; while the contents of crude protein, crude fiber, Ca, and Mn in the whole cassava are higher than that in the flesh.4) Compared with the flesh, the following germplasms are recommend:SC9and ZM8229etc., good taste; SC9and Col2, high β-carotene content; SC6068, high vitamin C and crude protein content; bread cassava, high contents of K and Fe; GR891, high contents of Ca and Zn. Compared with the whole cassava, the following germplasms are recommended:R9, Huifeng60and KU50, high DMC and SC. 5) For the contents of crude protein, crude fiber, and Fe, more than80%germplasms of Spring harvest are higher than that in Winter harvest, while Cu content in Winter harvest is higher than that in Spring harvest.6) Correlation analysis indicates that:High DMC and SC, low crude fiber content exists in the flesh. |
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