The Reseaech Of Comparing Complete Mitochondrial DNA Of Vieja Synspila, Amphilophus Citrinellus And Their Hybrid Offspring Blood Parrot Fish

Vieja synspila belong Labroidei, Cichlidae, Vieja, and Amphilophuscitrinellus belong Labroidei, Cichlidae, Amphilophus. Because of havingextensive morphological and ecological diversity, cichlids is a model ofstudying organisms biodiversity. However, there have a controversy onthe classification of Latin American cichlids, due to fewer studies ofmitochondrial genome. Blood parrot fish is generated by Viejasynspila(♀)×Amphilophus citrinellus(♂). Blood parrot fish is one ofsuccessful hybrids among the ornamental fish, because it has red color,round body and strange mouth. Blood parrot fish is a model ofcross-breeding, because its body and color combine advantages of parents.Generally, mitochondria follow maternal heredity in fish. But nowresearches find that fish have mitochondrial paternal leakage inhybridization. Therefore, there is an important significance to studyingmitochondrial genome of Vieja synspila, Amphilophus citrinellus andblood parrot fish. We get mitochondrial genome of Vieja synspila,Amphilophus citrinellus and blood parrot fish in this research, then we do comparative analysis and phylogenetic analysis. Specific contents asfollows:1. Mitochondrial genome of Vieja synspila, Amphilophus citrinellus andblood parrot fishMitochondrial genome of Vieja synspila, Amphilophus citrinellus andblood parrot fish are165,43bp,16,521bp and16,541bp in lengthrespectively. They all contain13protein-coding genes,2rRNA,22tRNAand one D-loop. Three species’ start codon is identical. Terminationcodon of Vieja synspila are the same as blood parrot fish, whileAmphilophus citrinellus is difference with other two.21tRNA haveeffective secondary structures, except tRNA-Ser (AGY). We discernedTerminal associated sequences, Central conserved domain and Conservedsequence blocks in D-loop.2. Comparative study of mtochondrial genome of Vieja synspila,Amphilophus citrinellus and blood parrot fishStructures of mitochondrial genome of Vieja synspila, Amphilophuscitrinellus and blood parrot fish are compared. Structures ofmitochondrial genome of two species are similarity. However, thecomplete mitochondrial genome of Amphilophus citrinellus is shorterthan Vieja synspila. The lack of main sequences are Terminal associated sequences, gene spacer between COI and tRNA-Ser(UCN). At the sametime, we find the length of the gene spacer is different among differencefishes. We speculate the reason is that COI on H-chain andtRNA-Ser(UCN) on L-chain. Comparing similarity of each component ofmitochondrial genome between Vieja synspila, Amphilophus citrinellus,we find the similarity of nucleotide sequences of protein-coding genes islowest84.88%, while the similarity of their amino acid sequences ishighest. So the nucleotide sequences of protein-coding genes are likely tohappen synonymous alternative. Then we find the similarity of nucleotidesequences of ND3gene is lowest, which is different with garrupa.Contrasted mitochondrial genome of Central and South Americancichlids, the similarity of nucleotide sequences of ND3gene is similarwith D-loop. We conjecture the similarity of nucleotide sequences ofND3gene is lower in there cichlids. Contrasted with mtochondrialgenome of Vieja synspila, Amphilophus citrinellus and blood parrot fish,we find mitochondria of blood parrot fish are come from female parent.3Evolutionary status of Vieja synspila, Amphilophus citrinellus incichlidsUsing mitochondrial genome of cichlids, we contracted phylogenetic treeby the method of MP. Africa continent and South America cichlids canbe divided monophyletic group respectively. In Central and South America cichlids, the nearest of genetic relationship of Vieja synspila isAmphilophus citrinellu.