| The influence of the arrival of the "consumer society" and the population of "consumerism" has break through the category of everyday life world, and spread to the social and economic level. In terms of social stratification, social differences produced by consumption has cultivated a new community, and derived new social stratification and inequality at the same time. In terms of household consumption, expanding consumption differences between the family, so formed a variety of different way of life. This paper all-roundly display the basic situation of contemporary Chinese urban household consumption, and consumption stratification perspective of urban household consumption change ten years under the guidance of consumption stratification theory. Using Chinese social comprehensive survey(CGSS) ten years the results of the survey by the questionnaire survey method and statistical analysis methods of organic combine.According to the modern way of life reflected by the durable goods, calculate each family durable goods index, thus divided into current Chinese urban household consumption stratification. We put the family durable goods index score of 0 to 2 points are classified as the bottom floor, 3-10 middle classed as the middle layer of consumption stratification, 11 more than senior as the upper of consumption stratification. Further, in the stratification of the consumption characteristics of the underlying summed up as "austerity", middle called "consumerism", the upper is "consumerism" typical characteristics.The paper is divided into five chapters, the first chapter introduced the background and significance of selected topic,the second chapter presents the method of literature review and research. The third chapter mainly introduces the basic situation of contemporary Chinese urban household consumption, and divide urban households under the perspective of consumption stratification, and study different classes of consumption level, consumption structure and consumption attitude. Chapter four urban household consumption in the first decade of the 21 st century changing situation, as well as different types of urban household consumption stratification system in the location of the change rule, finally sums up the main findings of the paper, the innovation points and shortcomings.Through the study of this article have the following findings: first, on the whole most of the urban households consumption still focus on food, education, housing, health care, etc. In addition to the differences in food expenditure are small, but the other involving relatively large differences in the cost of living consumption. Durable goods, clothing, culture, leisure, transportation, social and other broader consumption space is limited.Second, under the perspective of consumption stratification, family accounted for about 15% of the total at the bottom, their consumption reflects the characteristics of "austerity", this families only have one or two pieces of durable consumer goods, they often shopping in a small store, and almost all the income has to pay for daily living expenses. Most of them are in the "social groups" or other informal place to work or have no fixed work, they have a sober understanding of their own "edge" or "bottom" of social status. The upper families account for around 37%, they enjoy "consumerism" way of life, has all sorts of durable goods, and mostly owned cars, and shop in the large supermarket consumption, they have the most widely consumption space. They work in party and government organs or large enterprises, but the members of the family education level have no definite distribution. Through the rapid growth of their wealth and "conspicuous consumption" to achieve upward mobility in the consumption stratification, but did not change their own cultural identity and social image. In middle level families accounted for 48%, due to the limitation of income and cost of living, they have part of the modernization of durable consumer goods, as they also as "upper class" in the large supermarket shopping, like the lower class, they are also in the small supermarket to buy daily necessities. The source of their career more widely.Three is, in terms of the change of durable consumer goods, most experienced from "luxury" to the popularity of "necessity". Color TV sets, washing machines, refrigerators has basic saturated in the urban family ownership. Family car and housing is a typical which is still in a "luxury" goods in the process of popularization. Among them, the housing has experienced from "necessities" to "luxury", the latest generation of people on housing ownership durable goods slowly rising is not to buy, but derived from the inheritance. Four is, in terms of the change of consumption stratification structure, from 2003 to 2005, there are quite a number of families to achieve the social status of upward mobility, stratification of urban household consumption has been completed from the pyramid to the featured transformation, by 2010 consumption stratification structure without big changes. Consumption, as it were, a layered strata of curing the trend has show, in the foreseeable, urban families want to realize the social status of upward mobility will no longer as easy as before, the system inside and outside the welfare of the huge differences still exist without weakening trend.All in all, this thesis tentatively contact the consumption stratification theory with China’s urban household consumption of 10 years change,.It can be said that the market-oriented reform created new consumption stratification, at the same time, the problem of social differentiation and fracture will be more fully addressed in the reform. Thesis involved in a long time and large data, hold up a few shortage, deficiency is yet to be further studied. |
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