| The report in the party’s 18 thcongress stresses that our country to build intensive, specialization, organization, socialization of new agricultural management system of "four modernizations"; The third plenary session of 18 put forward some breakthrough measures on the construction of agricultural in many respects, for example, emphasize to give farmers more property rights, promoting urban and rural elements of equal exchange and public resources equilibrium configuration, improve the mechanism of system of the healthy development of urbanization, build a new type of agricultural management system, etc; In 2014, the CPC central committee no. 1 files systematically deployed how to build a new type of agricultural management system again. Shanghai is at the forefront of China’s economic development, thus it should pay more attention on the basis of farmland circulation. This article relates such theories as Marx rent theory, sustainable development theory, agricultural scale management theory, property rights theory, principal-agent theory and production function theory, takes nine suburb areas farmland situation in Shanghai as the research object, and does a research of factors affecting farmland scale operation and appropriate scale of operation research.First of all, the paper conducted a systematic study and comb on the research related farmland scale operation at home and abroad. Scholars and experts have done a lot of research on farmland scale operation, the theoretical model, connotation, scale management pattern, the moderate scale management, the efficiency of the conditions, influencing factors and mechanism and so on, in a word, they have achieved certain results.But there are still shortcomings as follows: First, the macroscopic research is too abstract, do not have the small range of applicability, according to the different areas of natural conditions, economic development level, urbanization level and the specific situation of the agricultural mechanization degree, small scale of individual study has more guiding significance. Second, theoretical and standard research relatively is more, the empirical research mostly selects microscopic variables, such as farmer own quality, family income and the number of famers in the family and so on, which reflect the characteristics of the domestic, but less researches from the Angle of the combination of the macro and micro, medium variables. Third, there are few scholars who combine influence factors of agriculture scale operation with the modest business value.Then, this paper analyzes the present situation of agricultural scale operation in Shanghai, mainly divides into four aspects: one is summarizing the three big changes related to farmland, and doing the analysis of the pros and cons; two is summarizing and analyzing the status quo in Shanghai farmland management; three is carrying on a case analysis about the three kinds of operation forms in Shanghai, including typical family farms, agricultural cooperatives and agricultural enterprise. Four is analyzing and finding out the problems existing in the farmland scale operation, and trying to find a solution.Next, in this part, I carry on the theoretical and empirical analysis on the factors affecting farmland scale operation in Shanghai and moderate scale, and give relevant conclusions. Taking advantage of the farmland relevant data in Shanghai suburb obtained through field investigation,analysis and find out the factors influencing the farmland scale operation, carry on the empirical analysis on 15 impact factors about suburban farmers’ willingness to scale operation, including micro, medium and macro factors, find out the significant impact factors, and the size of the degree of their influence on the scale operation;besides, taking the net income maximization as the goal, carry on an empirical analysis on the input condition of land, capital and labor, and measure out the moderate values of scale operation of households in Shanghai suburb.Through the study I found that: hiring farmers? adequacy, family management of agricultural land area, the perfection degree of agricultural financial system, the degree of farmers’ social status and farming risk will have a significant impact to land scale operation, the moderate operating area in Shanghai suburb is 628 mu per household.Finally, in view of the Shanghai suburb land endowment, economic development level, the degree of agricultural machinery, agricultural materials input conditions and other objective conditions, and the conclusions of this paper, this part put forwards some feasible policy Suggestions. One is the speed and mode of farmland scale operation in Shanghai should be encouraged to adjust measures to local conditions; second is with an open inclusive mentality to promote farmland scale operation; third is further promoting the transfer of rural surplus labor force, increasing the average cultivated land area of farm households(or individual farmers’ average cultivated land area); four is earnestly solving large agriculture, agricultural cooperatives and agricultural enterprises financing difficulty; five is improving the comprehensive quality of farmers, and raising their social status; six is establishing proper market-oriented service platform to solve the risk of farming; seven is appropriately leading farmers to carry out the moderate scale management. |
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