The Research Of Nuclear Radiation Detector Based On SiPM And Plastic Scintillator

With the rapid development of national economy and society, the rate of consumption of resources getting faster, the demand for energy is increasing. The environmental problems become the focus of the society concern. Nuclear energy as a new clean energy can relieve pressure on the environment and energy. The thirteenth five-year plan mention to speed up the development of nuclear power and other clean energy, By 2030 the nuclear power installed capacity can reach 1.2-1.5 one hundred million kilowatts. Because of nuclear has radioactivity, so, nuclear and radiation safety widely concerned by public. On the side, in the thirteenth Five-Year plan period, China will promote some major construction projects: manned spacecraft, space station, the moon and mars exploration, satellite navigation. Space radiation environment is very important to space activities, space radiation can cause damage to internal circuit elements of the spacecraft, and cause physical damage to astronauts, and many studies of astrophysics rely on measurements of space radiation. So, regardless of nuclear energy, space activities, astrophysics or other scientific research related to nuclear physics rely on the development of radiation detection technology. Therefore, vigorously develop nuclear radiation detection has its physical significance and meaning.This article comes from a subject of deep space neutron detection, the project requirements to design a multiple neutron detector with Small size and low power consumption. This article is a part of the whole project, the detector designed in this article is not to measure neutron temporarily, mainly for γ rays confirmatory measure. We use silicon photomultiplier(SiPM) instead of traditional photomultiplier tube(PMT) as photodetector component. We design a small multiple nuclear radiation detectors based on the new SiPM and plastic scintillator. Main works on this paper includes:1. Detector hardware development, includes Probe development and detector circuit design. Probe development work includes: the light-reflecting layer coating, SiPM welding, the coupled with SiPM and scintillator; Circuit design includes: SiPM voltage bias circuit, signal amplifying circuit, and signal shaping circuit. Finally, we designed a four-probe, the function of the detector is good, the detector has a mall volume, the amplitude of the signal is big, and the noise level is low.2. Build a detector measuring system, we build signal detection and spectroscopy measurement system based on waveform digitizer(DT5751) and personal computer(PC). And using the measurement system to measure and analyze the parameters of the detector, parameters measured include: the power of detector, noise ratio of the signal waveform, detection efficiency, and resolution of spectroscopy. By combining measurements, we find the detector has a low power consumption, a high detection efficiency on γ rays, and a good linearity, all these meet project requirements.