Research On Fire Evacuation In Subway Station Based On Social Force Model

Nowadays, with the fast development of Urban Rapid Rail Transit(URRT), like large traffic volume, high efficiency and velocity, etc., URRT has become an increasingly important way of travel.In this paper, the author first discusses the cause, damage and evacuation difficulty of fire accidents both at home and abroad, trying to find out the factors that influence a safe evacuation of people including both the psychic reason of people themselves and the impact of fire casting on people.Secondly, this paper tries to find out the advantages and disadvantages of two models of Cellular Automation and Social Force by comparing them. The emulation experiment is based on Social Force Model, which the author will give a further explaination.This paper is based on the emulation experiment in which the Social Force Model is adopted. Besides, this research adds people’s mental tension and effect of attraction among people, which are not involved in Social Force Model. Then it puts forward the improved Social Force Model with the background of fire disaster.This paper takes Zhonglou subway station in Xi’an City, Shanxi Province as the research background, simplifying the complicated sitting, describing the physical environment of the metro with computer language, analyzing the width of body and the speed of walking, and building relevant models such as Walker Model and Walking Route Model. The author combines Social Force Model with Gas Spreading Model, Hot Radiation Model, Visibility Dropping Caused by Smoke Model, then simulate evacuated situation during fire accident. We can quickly build a Social Force Model related by subway fire accident. In this way, a Social Force Model related to subway fire accident could be built quickly.Last but not least, the author tries to run the Social Force Model repeatedly, analyzing the process and influence degree, drawing conclusions and giving some advice to the administrators, designers and social persons about successful survival in subway fire disasters..