Study Of Fault Location For Distribution Line Based On Wireless Sensor Networks

Since the neutral non-effective grounding method is adopted in medium-voltage distribution network. When there is a failure occurs in the system, the fault signal is difficult to distinguish and extract due to its weak grounding current and complicated connecting of the branches. The traditional fault location method which is suitable for high-voltage transmission network cannot be applied to the distribution network. At present, there is no good solution to solve the problem of fault location for distribution network.In view of the above problems, a fault location method for distribution line based on wireless sensor networks is proposed in this paper. Based on the study of WSN and its localization algorithm, a fault location solution for distribution line based on WSN is developed, which is mainly divided into two processes. First, the amplitude variations of fault current is used to detect the fault type in line, and then WSN algorithm is used to locate the node in fault position. Main content and results of this study include the followings:(1) Aiming at fault type detection for distribution line, the principle of fault detection of distribution line based on WSN is described in this paper. Aiming at the common fault types in distribution network, the corresponding fault detection mechanism is designed, and the process and basic steps of fault detection are also established. Based on MATLAB-Simulink tools, the simulation experiment environment is established, and the fault type detection method is simulated and tested in this paper. Simulation results show that the proposed fault detection method is simple and feasible, and has high accuracy and reliability.(2) Aiming at the node location in fault position for distribution line, the topological structure of WSN nodes is designed in this paper, and based on the MATLAB platform, the model is simulated and verified by simulation examples. Aiming at the defects of traditional DV-Hop algorithm applied to the distribution network, an improved DV-Hop algorithm is proposed, which is used to locate the node in fault position. Based on the MATLAB platform, simulation test is carried out on the proposed improved algorithm. Simulation results show that the improved algorithm can effectively inhibit positioning error and has a higher accuracy and stability. Since the improved DV-Hop algorithm is based on network connectivity, and it is relatively simple, also without any additional hardware support, for the reason that it is in line with the development direction of intelligent distribution network.