Morphology Analysis Of Settlement And Traditional Residences In Desheng Bao Fort Defensive Settlement

The north of Shanxi Province with the complex landscape features, hillside, near the border line of the Great Wall favorable terrain, the volatile social environment provides the necessary conditions for the fort settlement emergence and development.The fort defensive settlement of north Shanxi province has a long history and distinct characteristics. As one of the five traditional residences, it distributed along the Great wall area in north Shanxi. The unique regional cultural and architectural charm of fort defensive settlement, making itself a bright jewel in north Shanxi residential.Desheng bao fort defensive settlement located in Datong Shanxi,40km north of Datong, near by the Great wall. It is one of the dotted fort defensive settlements of Datong town in Ming dynasty, which is located in Northeast Road. Desheng bao is an important fort defensive settlement and a famous horse market too. It combines a military town, traffic arteries and merchants as one, and also a typical representative of fort defensive settlement in the north Shanxi. It was also named the third installment historical and cultural village of Shanxi province in2009, and has an extremely important research value.The author using the research methods of field surveys and integrated multidisciplinary theory as a whole, based on the characteristics of the fort defensive settlement, from the perspective of the natural environment; social environment; economic environment; defense facilities; construction and protection methods and so on, conducted in depth analysis and practices. The author also promoted meaningful recommendations in protection and development of fort defensive settlements.The article divided into two main aspects, the morphological characteristics of the fort defensive settlement traditional residences. First the author summarized the contents of the Desheng bao, geographical location, natural conditions, and population change, social and human environment and so on. Then the author in accordance with planning, architecture research methods, graphical analysis and other means, discussed the fort residential form and defensive spatial form of Desheng bao. The chapter of fort residences analyses the housing function, form and spatial characteristics, while investigating the technical and decorative achievements.At last, based on the analysis of fort defensive settlement pattern, the paper explore its protection and development, and put forward the opinion that reasonable using is effective protection, and point out that for processing the relations between the protection and the development.