| With the rapid development of our social, economic and the rapid expansion of scale of urban space, urban traffic problem is becoming increasingly serious. It has been become the social’s consensus that relying solely on increasing supply of transport facilities of the city traffic development mode can no longer meet traffic demand. Traffic problem is increasingly one of the main problems restricting the city development. In order to ease urban traffic problems, improving the efficiency of existing urban road traffic system is very necessary in addition to the necessary transport infrastructure.Based on the "Traffic network space-time detection eigen extraction and algorithm research based on rapid evacuation (No.61304195)" project that supported by the national natural science foundation of China and the "space jam traffic network situation conversion mechanism and research of rapid evacuation (No.1408085QF11)" project of the natural sciences fund of Anhui province,, the urban road space resource utilization efficiency problems and methods are studied, involving the following specific content: the influencing factors of urban road efficiency, the method of setting variable lane, the method of setting road bus lane and the comprehensive evaluation method of optimization utilization to urban road.Firstly, this thesis discusses the meaning and measurement of urban transport efficiency, and qualitatively describes the factors of influencing the efficiency of urban road from the following four layers:the urban layout characteristics, urban transport structure, transportation facilities and traffic management, and analyzes the causes of influencing urban transport efficiency, and provides a realistic basis for the method of setting variable lane, the method of setting road bus lane and the comprehensive evaluation system of urban road optimization utilization.Secondly, the method of setting variable lane on urban road sections and the optimization layout method of setting road bus lane are proposed, these two methods are both based on the maximum traffic and the minimum travel time cost under unit of Spatio-temporal resource for the purpose. The higher traffic volume and the faster vehicle running under the existing time and space resources, the greater is the traffic efficiency, this thesis comes up with the method of setting variable lane based on traffic efficiency. When studying the bus lane network layout, mainly from the viewpoint of travelers, this thesis comes up with the method of optimization layout of bus lane network, based on minimizing the total travel time cost as target, and combining with the constraints of bus trip OD matrix in the peak hour.Finally, this thesis follows the standards and principles of the evaluation index system, selects23evaluation indicators, like population density, and builds up evaluation index system of urban road space resources, and gives evaluation standard classification recommended value of evaluation index, and uses the hierarchy analysis process to determine their weight, providing the methods for comprehensive evaluation of urban traffic efficiency and reference for traffic optimization. |
