Green Inpatient Building Technology Study

The issue of architecture greenization has been recognized along with development of social economy, increasing of the sum of buildings and improvement of comfort level in recent years. The amount of resource per person of China is woefully inadequate. At the same time, resource consumption rate of increase in China is horrendous. What’s more, China’s recyclability rate is far below developed countries. It is the time to carry out green building strategies in our country. Architecture greenization is not only the basis and premise to improve architecture energy efficiency level, but is profound for protecting urban environment and for realizing urban sustainable development. Compared with residential buildings and public buildings such as office buildings, business buildings and hotel buildings, the construction and assessment of green hospital buildings in China is lagged behind relatively.A green hospital is a patient-centered medical establishment which follows the demands of green transformation and has the ability of medication, education and scientific research. It is based on modern medical technology and humanistic care. The main contents of a green hospital is creating green medical environment, unblocking emergency green path and providing green medical service. A green hospital must devote itself to realize zero pollution medical environments, zero distance doctor-patient relationship, zero barrier medical security and zero defect health quality. The so-called green hospital building needs to provide people including patients, medical staff and visitors with good quality of experience. It should do less harmful effect to surrounding in full life circle, the period of planning, design, construction, operation, maintaining and disassembly. It not only requires less resource, but also saves resource such as lands, water, energy and materials. As one of the most important building types of a hospital, an inpatient building with unique architectural character and architectural model should be taken into first consideration. Green inpatient building should be a combination of technology and emotion.An inpatient building is a non-housekeeping residential building with medical characteristics, which requires large footprint and high energy consumption. An inpatient building is closely bound up with daily life of patients. It is composed with public area and nursing units. Green wards should be the focus of the construction of nursing units. Green ward should have clean and tidy indoor environment and should have medical facilities and armaria meet the needs of recovering. Reasonable layout of the ward should reflect humanization. The air quality should meet national standards, while noise should meet requirements of relative functional zones. Materials of finish and building, indoor living items, tools and the usage of them should conform to environment protection requirements.American healthcare industry put forward the first design and assessment standard for healthcare architecture in the world named Green Guidelines for Healthcare Construction (GGHC) in December2003. Building Research Establishment of Britain released Building Research Establishment’s Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM) Healthcare in2008. Whole international society accepted low carbon idea since the United Nations Climate Change Conference held in Copenhagen in2009. World Health Organization has taken promotion of green healthcare as one of focus works in2010and the coming years. WHO would also give key support to relative projects in Chinese mainland. Hospital building branch of Chinese Hospital Association and WHO decided to promote the construction of green hospital of China together in August2010.By the means of literature review, field research and expert consultation, this research analyzes problems of traditional inpatient buildings at first. Based on the related theories of green hospital, it studies green inpatient buildings by systematic theoretical research as well. The article does systemic pectination on the conception, connotation, characteristics, construction target, structure layers, technology layers and construction principles of green inpatient buildings. It discusses green building technologies at most, together with green management, green environment and green healthcare. This paper preliminarily concludes concepts and green building technologies that fit light green, medium green and dark green inpatient buildings. Taking the inpatient building design of one hospital in Jinan area for example, the paper analyzes practical application of green building technologies and does good attempt to construction of green inpatient buildings. Based on preliminary study, this article presents a draft of Design Guide for Green Inpatient Building of Jinan.