Analysis And Research Of The Current Situation And Countermeasures Of Water Quality In Railway Owned Water Plant

The particularity of railway water plant or Water supply station makes itself be different from the municipal water plant. In municipal water plant, the conventional treatment process generally is used as water purification process, but also according to their own water quality characteristics to add pretreatment and advanced treatment process, the process is more flexible, and no water source limit and management is relatively strict. While, although railway Water plant or Water supply station also use conventional treatment process, but the water purification process is simple, the species of treatment unit is a single, and constrainted by water source and funding.This paper focuses on the present situation of water quality in railway water plant, as well as do deep research and analysis for collected materials.additionally we get overall and clear understanding for the water quality of water source and water plant which belongs to railway station. Aiming to the investigation and data analysis results, obtaining the outstanding pollution indicators, carrying out the detailed reasons analysis for water source, purification process of water plant, secondary pollution of pipe network. Combining with the railway own conditions, putting forward countermeasures from the above four aspects respectively.And according to the actual situation in the survey, existing the potential hazards of heavy metals phenomenon around the water source,using the low cost of the attapulgite as adsorbent to remove the heavy metal ions which can be the technical measures to control the concentration of heavy metal ions in drinking water emergencies. The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The investigation and analysis results show that the overall qualified rate of railway water plant is low, at 73.63%, belongs to single index pollution. Over standard index types are mainly distributed in the sensory traits and general chemical indicators、disinfectant indicators and microbial indicators of drinking water. Among them, turbidity, iron and manganese are the outstanding issues.(2)Analyzing all aspects which causes index exceed the standard: 1) the segment of water source, existing the main problem that the deterioration of source water quality results in the decrease of the removal rate of the corresponding index. 2)In the part of railway water plant, mainly existing three aspects matters, including water purification technology equipment is backward, the railway’s own conditions limit and the scale of water supply station is too small to apply to the conventional treatment process, the loose operation and management. 3) The secondary pollution of pipe network including tap water chlorine attenuation, pipeline construction and so on(3)According to the phenomenon that the water indicators exceed standard in railway water plant, we can proposed the countermeasures from four areas respectively: the decision of water plant/ Water supply station, upgrading and improving the technology of treatment process, controlling secondary pollution effectively, strengthening operation and management. Combining the indicators risk assessment which proposed by Chinese Academy of Sciences Ecology Center with principal component analysis to simplify indicators of water quality method, to improve the water quality monitoring capabilities efficiently and reasonably. If the economic circumstances permits, increasing preprocessing and advanced treatment, strengthening the conventional process, and researching and developing some more applicable small intensive equipments. Controlling secondary pollution effectively. Strengthening operation and management of water plant.(4)There is a potential hazards of heavy metals surrounding water sources in the survey, taking lead and nickel for example, proposing that using the attapulgite as the adsorbent to adsorb heavy metal ions in drinking water as a railroad emergencies control technology. And the result shows that the concentration of lead ions in the treated water slightly higher than national standards, while the concentration of nickel ion under the limit value, so proposed separately:1) nickel ions : Attapulgite adsorption + Ultrafiltration(UF). 2) Lead ions, recommending apply to dual water supply. For drinking: Attapulgite adsorption + UF + RO; Other uses for production and living water: Attapulgite adsorption.