Study Of Evacuation Regularity Based On Special Human Behavior In Fire

When fire or other unexpected events occur, difficult evacuation process will directly threaten people’s life and property security. Therefore, study of human behavior and evacuation regularity under erergency is significant to ensure the social public security, and provides theory basis for the design of the emergency evacuation plan. Because of the difficulty to collect the real evacuation scenario data, the data that researchers can refer to is limited. At present, scholars at home and abroad mainly through the questionnaire and controllable evacuation experiment to obtain the data of human behavior and movement properties, and then build evacuation model to compare the experimental results and simulation results.Based on the theory and method of safety science and behavioral science, human special behavior and evacuation regularity in fire are studied by questionnaire survey and controllable evacuation experiment.Firstly, human evacuation behavior and reaction questionnaire survey under fire was carried out in a university which based on basic evacuation theory and the investigation of the questionnaire research. Respondents are students, faculty and family members of the college, who are assumed to stay in fire scenario in the questionnaire. The statistics of basic human characteristics, such as gender, age, culture level, personality types and fire experience are collected, as well as personnel emergency evacuation behavioral responses, such as first reaction of the fire alarm, fire-fighting behavior in initial stage, behavior of helping the elderly, the disabled, the injured and disabled person to evacuate, the choice of escape routes, response to the export congestion and the flue gas, etc. Statistical results show that the basic personnel features of the gender, age, culture degree and so on are widely distributed, has certain representativeness. This questionnaire mainly study on effect of the basic personnel characteristics on personnel emergency evacuation behavior and reaction. Pearson the chi-squared is used to test between two variables of personnel basic characteristics and evacuation behavioral responses. Analysis results show that human gender, culture degree, fire experience and fire safety education or evacuation drill experience has a great influence on personnel behavior, especially the correlation between fire safety education or evacuation drill experience and the behavior of paying attention to safety emergency exits, between fire experience and first reaction of the fire alarm, between gender and fire-fighting behavior in initial stage, between culture level and behavior of helping mobility impaired people is significant.Then, based on the questionnaire survey analysis we found that in fire the majority of the injured or other mobility impaired people desire to get help from others and the majority of respondents tend to provide help. In addition, the study of evacuation regularity of mobility impaired people has made advances, but the study of helping mobility impaired people to evacuate has not yet started. Therefore, through the controlled evacuation experiment under fire scenario, we study human special behavior- helping mobility impaired people to evacuate which is showed by setting up assist and assisted subgroup. A rectangular area of 6m×6m was built to conduct a series of on-site evacuation experiment of 72 college students under emergency. By analysis of video footage, the horizontal motion characteristics of typical student crowds and human behavior of assisted mobility impaired people and the helper were studied. The research results indicate that subgroup initial position, gender composition and number has effect on itself and the whole evacuation, in addition, the height difference between two working collaboratively members can directly affect subgroup moving speed. In addition, the movement speed of subgroup is measured in the experiment.