Research On Dynamic Characteristics Of Pedestrian Avoidance Behavior Based On Controllable Experiment

With the rapid development of social economy and the acceleration of urbanization,the aggregation and transfer activities of pedestrians in various commercial buildings,transportation hubs and other pedestrian infrastructures are becoming more and more frequent.Pedestrian walking has attracted more and more attention.In the walking infrastructure,pedestrian avoidance behavior is difficult to avoid,including to avoid moving pedestrians,avoid space fixed obstacles.The research on pedestrian avoidance behavior not only helps to enrich the dynamic characteristics of pedestrian movement,but also guides the spatial layout of pedestrian facilities and the organization and management of pedestrian flow.In this paper,pedestrian avoidance is taken as the research object.Based on the controllable experiment,the controllable experimental research is carried out from the three levels of individual pedestrian avoidance,channel pedestrian avoidance and obstacle avoidance,and the micro dynamic behavior characteristics in the process of pedestrian avoidance are excavated.The main research contents of this paper are as follows:(1)Experimental study on individual pedestrian avoidance behaviorBuild three sets of directed avoidance scenarios.The study found that most pedestrians walk right.The movement of pedestrians can be roughly divided into three stages: trajectory deviation stage,avoidance stage and avoidance end stage.Pedestrians have ’ psychological ’ distance,as follows: 1)The location of avoidance point between the same gender pedestrians is close,girls are closer than boys;2)Men and women have the longest avoidance time,followed by girls and boys.Moreover,the free time in the avoidance phase is no less than the urgent time;3)Pedestrians with different genders have the largest distance to avoid,and the distance between boys and girls is larger than that between boys and girls.In the experiment,the phenomenon of opposite sex exclusion is presented.Moreover,pedestrians in different directions have ’ strong and weak ’ behavior.(2)Experimental study on motion characteristics of bidirectional pedestrian flowTaking the pedestrian flow in walking straight channel as the research object,it is found that the pedestrian has obvious competitive behavior before ’ intersection ’,which will produce ’ strong ’ flow and ’ weak ’ flow.The velocity variation of weak flow is S curve,while the velocity variation of strong flow is small.The movement of the first pedestrian in the front has a great influence on the rear pedestrian.Most pedestrians do not return immediately after completing the lateral offset,and the regression degree of ’strong ’ pedestrians is less than that of ’ weak ’ pedestrians.Pedestrian flow will form a layered ’ pedestrian belt ’ after ’ intersection ’ stability,and its bandwidth is proportional to the pedestrian shoulder width.(3)Experimental study on pedestrian obstacle avoidance behaviorFour groups of control experiments were constructed with the avoidance pedestrians in the channel with fixed obstacles as the research object.Pedestrians also tend to avoid right,the study found.Pedestrians will accelerate at the start stage,and then decelerate properly to avoid obstacles safely.After bypassing obstacles,the speed changes are more disordered.The change of pedestrian speed mainly comes from the forward speed.The occurrence of pedestrian avoidance behavior is related to the size of obstacles,and there will be a “ triangle ” phenomenon.The area is related to the size of obstacles and pedestrian avoidance behavior.Pedestrians will spontaneously form a ’ walk belt ’ in the process of avoiding obstacles,and the width remains basically unchanged.