Application Study Of Carbon Reductions Calculation Methodology On Bus Rapid Transit Project

In recent 50 years, the rising rate of China’s average surface temperature reaches up to 0.25 ℃ per decade, showing an accelerated warming trend, and studies indicates that greenhouse gas emissions from the transport sector has become one of the main global warming reasons; while the domestic air pollution is serious, and the number of whose annual average concentration of six pollutants are standard is just 8 in74 major cities, and the transport sector has become the second air pollution sources after the industrial sector; in addition, the supply and demand contradiction of domestic energy is obvious, and the transportation consumes more than one-third of domestic oil. At a pressure above the triple, our governments issue a series saving energy policies, particularly encouraging the development of public transport, trying to improve the status of the transport sector.Bus rapid transit system(BRT) can not only alleviate urban air pollution situation, solve the traffic congestion problem, reduce fuel consumption, but also generate substantial carbon emission reductions which could mitigate the climate warming. This thesis takes the greenhouse gas emission reduction calculation of BRT as research object. The main contents and results are as follows:1. The current development status of the transport sector’s key energy saving technologies are described, and they are mainly hybrid technology and pure electric technology, alternative fuel technologies, the electronic toll collection system and the brake energy recovery technology;2. Voluntary emission reduction methodologys which are suitable for the transport sector are classified. Up to the the fourth installment of voluntary emission reduction methodologys announced by National Development and Reform Commission, the total number of what are applicable to our country’s transport sector is 13, including three categories:(1) changing fuel types to reduce emissions;(2) improving vehicle technologies to reduce emissions;(3) changing traffic or transportation modes to reduce emissions. And the source, the applicable conditions, the baseline scenario and the reduction mechanism of each methodology are described;3. The emphasis of this thesis is put on interpreting the voluntary emission reduction methodology of CM-032-V01 which is applicable to BRT project. The calculation process of baseline emissions, project emissions and leakage, the project boundary, the applicable conditions, additionality demonstration and monitoring methods are studied in succession;4. As an example, carbon emission reductions of the tricyclic BRT project in Zhengzhou City are calculated and its influencing factors are analyzed according to CM-032-V01. The results show that: through the implementation of the project, it can help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and the average annual reductions attain 43,914 t CO2e. Influencing factors of the project’s carbon emission reductions include BRT vehicles, the energy efficiency, bus priority signal and public participation.The main purpose of this study is providing some reference for the greenhouse gas emission reductions calculation of BRT project in our country and technical support for “reportable, measurable, verifiable” voluntary carbon-market trading system.