Research And Implementation Of High-speed Rail Disaster Prevention And Security Intelligence Monitoring Unit

The high-speed rail disaster prevention and safety monitoring system is used toreal-time monitor the natural disasters (strong winds, rain, snow, earthquakes) and theunexpected incidents (foreign body invasion limit), which threat the safety of the railway. TheMain function of this system is collecting distributed information, centralized managementthe information, and comprehensive analysis and application the information to achievemastering the disaster dynamics and take appropriate traffic control measures fast to ensurethe train can work safely and effectively. The high-speed rail disaster prevention and safetymonitoring system as a subsystem of the high-speed rail integrated operations schedulingsystem plays an important role in safeguarding the hazards of high-speed rail disasterprevention operations.The disaster prevention and safety monitoring system is mainly composed of the field ofinformation collection layer, station monitoring unit layer, disaster security center andtransport network. The field monitoring unit is the first recipient of the railway safetymonitoring system in real-time hazard monitoring sensor data, which is the most basic andcritical part of the system. This paper mainly research and design the intelligent monitoringunit of the system information collection layer based on the background of the high-speed raildisaster prevention and safety monitoring system. This paper also studies the fiber-optic localarea network and builds high reliable optical fiber transmission network for the system.Firstly, this paper introduces the overall structure, function and the main monitoringcontent of high-speed rail disaster prevention and safety monitoring system, and puts forwarda new type monitoring unit, these new type intelligent monitoring units can realize datacollection, processing and transmission; Then, this paper according to the needs of thestructure and function of the system and intelligent monitoring unit to design the intelligentmonitoring unit based on the modular design concept, including micro controller-basedmulti-channel data collection module and FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) basedoptical transceiver card module, AT90CAN128chip is used to control data acquisition,optical transceiver module is responsible for data upload and download, two parts of anindependent design, can also be applied to other collection monitoring system or transmissionnetwork. In view of optical fiber communication has a transmission distance, largecommunication capacity, good electromagnetic compatibility, rich in resources and manyother advantages, this paper uses the optical fiber to replace the traditional cable as thetransmission medium of information gathering monitoring unit and station control unit, fiberdual-ring redundancy network structure formation of high reliability with self-healing, inorder to increase the reliability of network transmission system. Taking HDLC (High Level Data Link Control, high level data link control) protocol based, combined with the actualsituation of optical fiber network of this paper, to design suitable communications protocol;Then, debug the intelligent monitoring unit, analysis of the real-time and accuracy of the datacollection and transmission. Finally, we completed the summary of the whole paper and theprospect of high-speed rail disaster prevention and safety monitoring system and theapplication of optical fiber communication in the system.