Optimal Design System On The Metal Structure Of Gantry Crane And Overhead Crane

With the development of the modernization, crane plays an important role inindustrial production. The traditional method of design can produce a large amount ofproblems and cause the performance underutilized, for instance, unreasonableparameters of the metal structure of the crane, heavy mass,etc. The update literatureshows that finite element method is widely used to analysis the metal structure ofcrane,but the research object only for a specific type of crane metal structure and didnot establish multiple types of crane metal structure finite element analysis system.Based on the FEM and combined with commercial software and secondarydevelopment tool of ANSYS, a design and analysis system for metal structure is built,which includes parametric modeling, analysis of static characteristics, optimizationfunction, etc. The static analysis of the metal structure of crane and the optimizationcould be realized by the simple interactive operation. When the weight of metalstructure is minimized by optimization method, strengthen and stiffness of it also areconsidered. The system still has more merits. For instance, repeated modeling andextreme depending on designer’s knowledge with FEM could be avoided. Meanwhile,the system is very significant to improve the work efficiency and shorten the designcycle. The main contents of the thesis can be listed as following:(1) Parametric method is used to model of metal structure of several kinds ofcranes, which includes the A type rigid legs gantry crane,A type rigid leg and flexibleleg gantry leg,L type, U type gantry crane. Then load type and reasonable boundaryconditions are determined.(2) Based on load type and boundary conditions, the static analysis for metalstructures of overhead and gantry crane has been carried out with different workconditions. As an example, an overhead crane with name of QG20t/31.5m isanalyzed and tested. Comparison of simulated and measured results verified thereliability of the system. (3) With structural optimization tools provided by ANSYS, the minimum weightof metal structure of cranes is obtained. In which dimensional sizes of structures istaken as design variables, and volume as objection. According to design principle, thelimitation of stiffness and strength of structures must be satisfied as well. During theperiod of optimization, we also can round off the value of partial variables such asthickness of plates and then complete the secondary optimization.(4) By means of Tcl/Tk language, excellent man-machine interfaces is built andinserted into ANSYS. Some new menu bars are developed and added in menu ofANSYS, which make the system more convenient than before.In sum, in this thesis an integral and convenient CAD/CAE system for metalstructures of universal cranes is constructed and realized. The reliability of the systemis also verified by testing. The works would be meaningful and valuable if they wereapplied widely to crane industry.