Numerical Simulation On Thermal Pressure Distribution And Smoke Control In Kilometer-tall Skyscraper

The Burj Khalifa Tower in Dubai with828meters is the highest skyscraper inthe world up to now, and the Kingdom Tower in Saudi Arabia with expected heightof1007meters starts to build on27th April,2014.With our society and economydeveloping condition, it’s necessary to explore relevant issues of1000metersskyscraper and make technical reserves prospectively. This issue mainly studies thedistribution of thermal pressure and the measures of smoke control.The mainresearch contents are divided into four parts:（1）Proposing and verifing the feasibility and effectiveness of the simulationmethod for1000meters skyscraper, constructing and simplifing geometric model of1000meters skyscraper and setting associated parameters.（2）Simulating and analyzing the internal distribution of thermal pressure of1000meters skyscraper and comparing the simulation results with those of differentrepresentative regions, proposing diverse measures to weaken the effect of thermalpressure and analyzing energy consumption.（3） Simulating and analyzing the properties of fire smoke flow in1000meters skyscraper and putting forward some suggestions on evacuation.（4） Simulating and analyzing the effect of smoke exhaust system and threedifferent pressurization systems, proposing the best scheme based on theperformance price ratio.In this subject, we take numerical method to study the problem, conclus ionsshow that:The orifice pressure values in many floors exceed regulatory requirements in a1000meters skyscraper based on Dalian in winter, air flows into each shaft underthe neutral plane and the reverse flow above the neutral plane. Comparing thesimulation result with those of five representative cities as Dubai, Guangzhou,Shanghai, Beijing and Harbin shows that the larger te mperature difference betweenindoor and outdoor, the greater the thermal pressure. Proposing diverse settings ofseparation in both vertical and horizontal partitions should be considered to weakenthe adverse impacts on system operation and evacuation. Combining CFAST6software based on the zone model with CONTAM3.1software based on the network model to simulate different ignition conditions, wecan know that fire in the first floor is the worst condition, the fire floor becomeshigher, the harmfulness is smaller. In the ignition process of1000meters skyscraper,the smoke spreads above the fire floor only which is different from the normal fire.30min after the fire is the prime time for evacuation, people in the fire area shouldsave themselfs actively.Composite systems which is constituted by smoke exhaust system、stairwellpressurization system and elevator pressurization system is the best system form forthe smoke control in1000meters skyscraper, staircase and common antechamberpressurization will cause elevator and stairwell overpressure.