A Study On The Marine Environmental Monitoring System Of China

Marine environmental monitoring is an important means to acquire the spatial and temporal distribution, variation and rules of development of all the elements in the marine environment precisely, timely and comprehensively, and also an essential technical base for marine protection and marine resource exploitation. Nowadays, China is devoted to an marine power and promoting Maritime Silk Road, it is fairly necessary to obtain real and effective data for marine polices decisions by marine environmental monitoring. That is the reason why to make better management of the marine environmental monitoring has become a hot issue for international marine comprehensive management.At present, the marine powers all around the world are inclined to consider marine environmental monitoring as a vital part of marine comprehensive management, which can be seen by their policies, laws and regulations.The thesis introduces the development history of domestic marine environmental monitoring and management system, and analyzes the main problems in the system combining documents and practice. Taking the systems in marine powers for reference, such as America, Japan, and Canada, and based on China’s actual monitoring capacity, the thesis puts forward the preliminary suggestions on the marine environmental monitoring management system.The thesis consists of six chapters. The first chapter gives an introduction on the purpose and significance of marine environmental monitoring, the current study of it and study methods successively.The second chapter describes the development history of the monitoring system from the perspectives of monitoring development, monitoring technologies, monitoring management system and management agencies.The third chapter takes the management systems in America, Japan and EU for reference, and then evaluates the marine environmental monitoring systems in the USA and Japan from the perspectives of the legislative perfection, the establishment of coordination mechanism, the improvement of the standard quality system and the promotion of the monitoring technologies development.The fourth chapter expounds the actual problems in China’s management system. The laws and regulations on marine environmental monitoring are lagging behind, and is not legally binding upon monitoring behaviors. As for the management system, it is far from mature in China, which can been seen from the insufficient coordination between marine bureaus, as well as ocean areas. Moreover, the basic monitoring capacity is fairly weak, and there is no way for public participation in supervision. As for basic support, it is obviously insufficient, there is a lack of monitoring data sharing and management, leading to low data utilization and high monitoring costs. In addition, the monitoring technologies are relatively outdated, and the financial support is inadequate.The fifth chapter puts forward relevant suggestions regarding to the aforementioned problems. The thesis suggests that detailed regulations and rules should be enacted, and the monitoring standard system should be improved. As for the management system, the nation should enhance the monitoring coordination system, develop monitoring capacity constantly, encourage public participation, and solve Red top mediation gradually. As for the basic support, it is necessary to improve data management and sharing in the age of big data, and develop monitoring science and technology, and apply new technologies to practice.The sixth chapter is the conclusion, which generalizes the creative points and shortages of the thesis.